The Crusades and European Responses in Art

Flashcards about The Crusades and European Responses in Art

Romanesque Portal Ensemble

An architectural style prevalent during the Romanesque period.

Church of Saint-Pierre, Moissac, France

Features a South Portal with the Second Coming of Christ in the tympanum, along with sculpted trumeau and jambs.

Cathedral of Notre Dame, Chartres, France

Features a West Portal with the Second Coming of Christ in the central tympanum and West Portal jamb statues.

The Abbey of Saint-Gilles-du-Gard, France

Example of Romanesque architecture with a notable West façade.

Crusades

A series of religious wars.

Mandorla

An almond-shaped aureole of light surrounding the whole figure of a holy person.

Portal

An opening in a wall of a building or monument.

Archivolt(s)

The ornamental molding or band following the curve of the underside of an arch.

Tympanum

The semi-circular or triangular decorative wall surface over an entrance, bounded by a lintel and arch.

Lintel

A horizontal support of timber, stone, concrete, or steel across the top of a door or window.

Jamb

A vertical support in a doorway or window frame.

Jamb column

A column which supports an arch.

Trumeau

A pillar supporting the center of a large doorway.

Fall of Jerusalem

636 CE

First Crusade

1095-1099

Fall of Acre

1291

Church of Sant Vincenç, Cardona, Spain

Example of Romanesque architecture.

Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, Spain

Important pilgrimage site with a Romanesque design.

Saint-Genis-des-Fontaines, France

Features the Lintel of West Portal.

Cathedral of Saint-Lazare, Autun, France

Features West Portal with Last Judgment in the tympanum signed by Gislebertus and North Portal with Eve in the lintel, also by Gislebertus.

Compound pier

A pier or support with a group or cluster of attached shafts, especially in Gothic architecture.

Colonnette

A small, decorative column.

Apsidioles

A small apse or recess, especially in a church.

Pentecost

Christian festival celebrating the descent of the Holy Spirit on the disciples of Jesus after his Ascension.

Last Judgment

The final and eternal judgment by God of the people in every nation resulting in the approval of some and the condemnation of others.

Abbey Church of Saint-Denis, France

Early Gothic architecture example.

Cathedral of Notre Dame, Laon, France

Gothic cathedral with a notable nave.

Pointed arch

An arch with a pointed crown, characteristic of Gothic architecture.

Ribbed groin vault

A vault where ribs mark the junctions of the groins.

Stained glass

Colored glass used for windows or decorative applications.

Buttress / flying buttress

An exterior support, especially a projecting support built against a wall.

Narrative capital

A capital which has scenes depicted in it.

Triforium

A gallery or arcade above the arches of the nave, choir, and transepts of a church.

Clerestory

The upper part of the nave, choir, and transepts of a large church, containing a series of windows.

The Sainte-Chapelle, Paris

Features Rayonnant style and quatrefoil designs.

Rayonnant

A style of French Gothic architecture.

Quatrefoil

A decorative element consisting of four lobes or foils.

Dedication of Sainte Chapelle

April 26, 1248

Louis IX departs for Holy Land

June 12, 1248