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Myth
A traditional tale applied for consolation, persuasion, or warning, or as an etiology.
Mythology
A cohesive set of myths.
Saga/legend
A myth concerned more with humans than Gods.
Rite
A traditional act.
Religion
A cohesive set of rites.
Tradition
Handing down of customs from generation, often orally.
Sacrifice
Killing an animal in honour of a god, the religious rite par excellence.
Aetiological explanation
An explanation for the origin or cause of something.
Demigod
Defined as one who has a mortal parent and an immortal parent, characterized by being 50% divine.
Hubris
Excessive pride or self-confidence that leads to one's downfall.
Cult statue
A statue representing a deity, placed in a temple for worship.
Temenos
A precinct cut off from profane space.
Patronage
Support or sponsorship given by a deity or influential figure.
Anthropomorphism
Attributing human traits or emotions to gods or deities.
Hero
A person admired for their courage, outstanding achievements, or noble qualities.
Polytheism
The belief in multiple deities.
Monotheism
The belief in a single deity.
Henotheism
The belief in many powers, but elevating one deity to a higher position over the others.
Etiology
The study of causation; in mythology, it often explains how something came to be.
Scapegoat
A person or thing that is blamed for the wrongdoings or faults of others.
Chthonic
Relating to the underworld or deities of the underworld.
Muses
The nine goddesses of the arts and sciences in Greek mythology.
Oracles
Persons or agencies capable of divining the future or delivering messages from deities.
Cults of the dead
Religious practices aimed at honoring or appeasing the spirits of deceased ancestors.
Animal sacrifice
The ritual killing of an animal as an offering to a deity.
Libation
A ritual pouring of a liquid as an offering to a god.
Rites of passage
Ceremonies marking important transitional periods in a person's life.
Necromancy
The practice of communicating with the dead to predict the future.
Panhellenic Games
Competitions held in ancient Greece, like the Olympic Games, honoring specific deities.
Principate
A form of government where a ruler has significant power but retains the appearance of the republic.
Votive offering
An object offered to a deity in gratitude for a favor received.
Festivals
Public celebrations, often religious in nature, marking important seasonal or cultural events.
Asylum
A sacred place offering protection, often for refugees.
Hymns
Songs of praise typically directed towards gods or deities.
Caduceus
A staff carried by Hermes, representing trade, eloquence, and negotiation; often confused with the rod of Asclepius.
Vestal Virgins
Priestesses of Vesta in ancient Rome, responsible for maintaining the sacred fire.
The Golden Age
A time of peace and prosperity in mythological history.
The Odyssey
An ancient Greek epic poem by Homer, detailing Odysseus's return home after the Trojan War.
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