Ventilation SESH

pulmonary ventilation

Inflow and outflow of air between the atmosphere and the lung AKA breathing

Total Lung Capacity

Volume of air in the lungs after a maximum inhalation

Vital Capactiy

Maximum of volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation.

Tidal Volume

Volume of air breathed in and out in any one breath

Expiratory reserve Volume

volume of air in excess of tidal volume that can be exhaled forcibly

Inspiratory reserve volume

Amount of air that can be forcefully inhaled after a normal tidal volume inhalation

Residual volume

The volume of air remaining in lungs after maximum exhalation

Inhalation

the act of taking in air as the diaphragm contracts and pulls downward; the size of the thoracic cavity increases

exhalation/expiration

breathing out. the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax which then forces air out of the lungs; the size of the thoracic cavity decreases

non respiratory air movements

reflex or voluntary movements of air such as sneezing, coughing, laughing, hiccups, crying, yawning,

spirometer

device that measures respiratory capacities

gas transport

respiratory gases move through the body in the bloodstream; oxygen is attached to hemoglobin and carbon dioxide is carried in the plasma

Haemoglobin

The protein that carries oxygen in the red blood cells.

Asthma

chronic lung disease that causes inflammation and constriction of the airways

Acute Bronchiolitis

inflammation of the bronchial tubes usually caused by a virus

COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)

A group of lung diseases that block airflow and make it difficult to breathe.

Emphysema

loss of elasticity in alveoli leads to shortness of breath

pneumonia

lung infection that causes alveoli to fill with fluid or pus, making it difficult to breathe; caused by bacteria, virus, or fungus