Kinesiology ch 17 Hip

What is the arthrokinematic relationship when the femur moves on the acetabulum?

Convex/concave (open kinetic chain)

Ex. Sitting on table swinging leg

What is the arthrokinematic relationship when the acetabulum moves on the femur?

Concave/convex (closed kinetic chain)

Ex. Performing a squat

What type of joint is the hip? DOF?

-ball and socket joint

-synovial

-Triaxial

What are the movements of the hip?

-Flexion(0-120)/Extension(0-15)

-abduction(0-45)/adduction(0-25)

-medial/lateral rotation(0-45)

What are the segments of the lower body?

Pelvis, thigh (femur and patella), leg (tibia and fibula), and foot (tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges)

Angle of inclination. What are the degrees for adults and at birth?

The angle between the shaft and neck of the femur in the frontal plan.

Adults: 125 degrees

Birth: 150-170 degrees

Why is angle of inclination important?

Affects weight bearing and posture

Femoral torsion

The angle between the shaft and the neck of the femur in the horizontal plane

What is the normal femoral torsion for adult and child?

8-15 degrees

What is the angle for femoral anteversion

Greater than 15 degrees (knees and feet pointed inward)

What is the angle for femoral retroversion?

Lower than 8 degrees ( knees and feet pointed outward)

What is the function of the acetabulum labrum?

-Deepens the acetabulum giving it stability and support (static support)

-surrounds head of femur

What are the borders of the femoral triangle?

Inguinal ligament (base)

Adductor longus (medial side)

Sartorius (laterial side)

What is found in the femoral triangle?

Femoral vein, artery, and nerve

What is the correct order of the femoral artery, vein, and nerve?

NAV (laterial)

-femoral nerve

-femoral artery

-femoral vein

What is adductor hiatus?

Gap or hole in the muscle that femoral artery and vein pass through

What site does femoral artery and vein become popliteal artery and vein?

Adductor hiatus

Why is piriformis important?

-Laterally rotates the hip when hip is flexed below 90 degree

-medially rotates hip when hip is flexed above 91 degrees

(The only deep rotator that performs this)

What nerve exits near piriformis?

Sciatic nerve

What is the largest muscle in the body?

Gluteus Maximus

What is the longest bone in the body?

Femur

Which muscles performs hip ext no matter what?

Gluteus Maximus

What is the largest nerve in the body?

Sciatic nerve

What is know as a decrease of angle of inclination?

Coxa vara (105 degrees)

What is known as an increase angle of inclination?

Coxa valgas (142 degrees)

Iliofemoral ligament (y ligament of Bigelow)

-divides into two parts which attaches distally to femur

-attaches proximally to AIIS

-limits hip extension

Pubofemoral ligament

-attaches laterally to posterior aspect of neck and head of femur

-originates in acetabulum

-protects capsule inferiorly

-limits hip extension and abduction

Ischiofemoral ligament

-attaches to acetabulum and inserts on the femoral neck

-limits hip extension and medial rotation

-helps hold you upright

Ilitibial band

Attaches to iliac crest and lateral tibia

The iliotibial band inserts?

Gerdys tubercle

Pes anserine (goose foot)

-located on prox medial Condyle of tibia

-Attachment site for sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus

Special test

Used as confirmation signs to prove something is going wrong in an area

Slump test

-used for piriformis to check for irritation for the sciatic nerve

What percent of ppl have a sciatic nerve that exits below piriformis?

87% (Type 1)

What percent of ppl have a dysfunctional sciatic nerve relationship?

13% (Type 2)

A tight piriformis can cause?

Impingement of the sciatic nerve

What muscle is a static stabilizer of the hip?

Gluteus Maximus

If the foveal artery is cut off it can cause?

Osteonecrosis (death of tissue to the bone)

The internal iliac Artery runs____the inguinal ligament?

Above

The external iliac artery runs____the inguinal ligament?

Below

What artery runs from the ligamentum teres and helps feed the head of the femur blood supply?

Obturator artery

What muscle is the dynamic stabilizer of the hip?

Gluteus medius

The hip joint has more?

Stability than mobility

What spinal level is iliac crest located?

L4

What spinal level is Posterior superior iliac spine (psi’s) located?

S2