European Integration Lecture Notes

Flashcards about European Integration, Key Treaties, UK Prime Ministers and their relationship to the EU

What treaty established the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)?

Treaty of Paris (1951)

Which countries were the original members of the ECSC?

France, Germany, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg

What year was the Treaty of Rome signed?

1957

What two entities were created by the Treaty of Rome?

European Economic Community (EEC) and Euratom

Why did the UK initially favor EFTA over the EEC?

Free trade association

Who blocked the UK's applications to join the EEC in 1961 and 1967?

French President Charles de Gaulle

What reasons did De Gaulle give for blocking the UK's EEC applications?

UK’s close ties to the US and weak economy

In what year did the UK finally join the EEC?

1973

Who was the French President when the UK joined the EEC?

Georges Pompidou

What treaty created the European Union (EU)?

Maastricht Treaty (1993)

Which UK Prime Minister secured opt-outs from the Maastricht Treaty?

John Major

What treaty gave the EU more streamlined decision-making?

Treaty of Lisbon (2009)

What was the outcome of the Brexit referendum in 2016?

52% voted Leave

Which UK Prime Minister resigned after the Brexit referendum?

David Cameron

What was Winston Churchill's view on a 'United States of Europe'?

Advocated it, but envisioned the UK as an outsider leader

Which UK Prime Minister Oversaw renegotiation of UK’s EEC membership terms?

Harold Wilson

What was the outcome of the 1975 referendum on EEC membership?

67% voted to remain in the EEC

Which UK Prime Minister won a 66% rebate on UK contributions to the EEC?

Margaret Thatcher

What was the main theme of Margaret Thatcher's Bruges Speech?

Opposed a centralized European superstate

What opt-outs from the Maastricht Treaty did John Major secure for the UK?

Euro and social chapter

Which UK Prime Minister initially supported the Lisbon Strategy and EU enlargement?

Tony Blair

Why did Tony Blair not adopt the euro?

Due to domestic opposition

Which UK Prime Minister promised and held the 2016 Brexit referendum?

David Cameron

Who led the UK out of the EU?

Boris Johnson

When did the UK officially leave the EU?

31 January 2020

What agreement did Boris Johnson negotiate and sign with the EU?

UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement (2020)

Who shifted U.S. focus away from the UK in 1961, citing its economic decline?

John F. Kennedy

Which French president allowed the UK's entry into the EEC in 1973?

Georges Pompidou

What was Jacques Delors' role in EU integration?

Architect of deeper EU integration

What were the years of the Cold War?

1947-1991