Chemistry vocab

Atom

Basic unit of matter

strong force

what holds the nucleus together

protons

positive charged subatomic particles

Neutrons

neutrally charges subatomic particles

Electrons

negatively charged subatomic particles

Nucleus

the center of an atom that holds protons and neutrons

Electron cloud

Multiple layers that contain the electrons

Atomic number

number of protons in an element

Atomic mass

rounded number of protons and neutrons

valence

outer shell of the electron cloud

Ion

atom or molecule that has a charge

Isotope

atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons

particles

chemically unique atoms and molecules

a mixture

different atoms or molecules in the same space that are not chemically bonded together

pure substance

has all the same atoms or all the same molecules

Molecule

two or more atoms that conjoin chemically, bond

compound

two molecules that contain at least two different elements

Element

pure chemical substances that can not be broken down into other substances

Stable elements

Noble gasses

order of the rings in the electron cloud

2 8 8

The law of conservation of mass

Matter cant be created or broken apart

Matter

anything that occupies space and has mass

Chemical changes

Changes that create a new substance and chemical bonds are created/destroyed

Physical change

changes in appearance, but a new substance is not created and chemical bonds are not created/destroyed

Indicators of chemical changes

Burning/fire, explosions, color change, odor change, bubbles/fizz, and temperature without heating/cooling

phase changes

when matter changes from one state to another

NaHCO3

sodium bicarbonate (baking soda)- sodium, hydrogen, carbon, oxygen 3

CH3COOH

Acetic Acid (vinegar)-carbon, hydrogen 3, carbon, oxygen, oxygen, hydrogen

CO2

Carbon Dioxide- carbon, oxygen 2

H2O

Dihydrogen Monoxide (water)-Hydrogen 2, oxygen

CH3COONa

Sodium Acetate- carbon, hydrogen 3, carbon, oxygen, oxygen, sodium

relationship between compounds and molecules

All compounds are molecules but all molecules are not compounds

Conserved mass

there are the same number of atoms of elements before and after the reaction

What indicates bonding?

When different symbols have no spaces in between