Physics: Heat and Temperature

A set of flashcards covering key concepts from the lecture on Heat and Temperature in Physics.

What increases as the temperature of a substance increases?

The average kinetic energy of the particles of the substance.

What happens to the internal energy of an ideal gas when it is heated from 0°C to 4°C?

It increases.

Which of the following is proportional to the kinetic energy of atoms and molecules?

Temperature.

What is the form of kinetic energy that occurs within a molecule when the bonds are stretched or bent?

Vibrational.

What are the energies associated with atomic motion called?

Kinetic energy.

What best describes the relationship between two systems in thermal equilibrium?

No net energy is exchanged.

As the temperature of a substance increases, what tends to happen to its volume?

It tends to increase due to thermal expansion.

What is the temperature of a system in thermal equilibrium with water and steam at 1 atm?

100°C.

What is the temperature of a system in thermal equilibrium with ice and water at 1 atm?

273 K.

When water at 70°C and water at 80°C are mixed, what is the final temperature?

The final temperature is between 70°C and 80°C.

Which of the following is not a widely used temperature scale?

Joule.

What is the change from 20°C to 40°C in Kelvin?

20 K.

What temperature is the same on both the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales?

-40.0°.

Which term describes a transfer of energy?

Heat.

Heat is always directed from where to where?

From an object at high temperature to an object at low temperature.

If energy is transferred from a table to a block of ice, what happens?

Energy is being transferred from the ice to the table.

If there’s no temperature difference between a substance and surroundings, what does this mean?

No energy has been transferred between the substance and its surroundings.

In the presence of friction, what happens to energy not used for mechanical work?

The remaining energy causes an increase in the internal energy of the system.

What three properties affect the amount of energy transferred as heat?

Mass, temperature change, specific heat capacity.

What is true during a phase change?

Temperature remains constant.

What is the Kelvin equivalent of a temperature change from 20°C to 40°C?

20 K.

Which temperature represents the boiling point of water at 1 atm?

100°C.

What is the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy in atomic molecules?

They are proportional.

What describes energy transfer due to temperature differences?

Heat.

What happens during a phase change regarding temperature?

Temperature remains constant.