Piano Literature

2 most important French composers of the Baroque era were:

Francois Couperin and Jean-philippe Rameau

characteristics of scarlatti’s sonata?

one movement, influenced by spanish music, virtuosic

this instrument uses hammers with escapement mechanism to strike the strings

piano

one of the most important collections of English keyboard music is the…

Fitzwilliam Virginal Book

The four basic dances included in the baroque suite are:

allemande, courante, gigue, sarabande

a favorite form of renaissance and baroque composers in which an idea is presented, then reiterated, and accompanied by alterations or diversions of various sorts

variation

This instrument uses small metal tangents to strike the strings and remains in contact until the key is released

clavichord

The French word for keyboard is

Clavecin

The piano (or Pianoforte) was invented in what year

1709

This composer adopted styles from various countries, giving his music an international flavor

George Frederick Handel

The collection Nouvelles Suites de Pieces de Clavecin was published in 1731 by:

Jean-Philippe Rameau

This instrument uses quills attached to jacks to strike the strings

Harpsichord

During his life, Bach was known primarily as:

an organ performer

Bach composed how many of the Two-Part Inventions?

fifteen

The well tempered Clavier was composed:

to show his skill in writing in all the keys, to benefit musical learning and recreation, to demonstrate the equal temperament tuning system

The Goldberg variations, based on a simple aria, contains:

three series of ten variations each and cannons starting on different intervals

What are three types of Suites by Bach?

French, English, Partitas

The concerto in the italian manner was written for a single performer, why is the term concerto used?

it resembles the concertato style of italian composers

Bach included these specific markings in the concerto in the italian manner and only a few other pieces:

dynamics

The German word clavier means

keyboard

The transcription of the chaconne by busoni was originally for which instrument?

violin

the pieces sometimes called three-part-inventions are known as

sinfonias

list two collections of bach’s music that would be appropriate preparation before playing the WTC

inventions (2 part) and sinfonias (3 voices)

for pre-classic and classic composers, the term sonata indicated a composition

with 3-4 movements written according to certain predetermined rules for either one instrument or a combination of instruments

Haydn lived?

1732-1809

Mozart lived?

1756-1791

Haydn was responsible for

developing sonata form in symphonies, chamber music, and keyboard sonatas

The music of this N German composer is known for its expressiveness and unusual modulations

CPE Bach

The form of Mozart’s Sonata in A, K. 331 Mvt. 1 is:

theme and variations

The author of the essay on the true art of playing keyboard instruments is:

CPE Bach

the essay on the TAOPTP included discussions of what?

ornamentation, fingering, technique

3 differences between the music of haydn and mozart?

haydn - more creative with sonatas, altering format, not generally virtuosic sonatas, playful

mozart - more expressive keyboard music, more lyrical, more virtuosic

Beethoven provided a subtitle to only one piano sonata, which one?

The pathetique op. 13

Scholars and pianists speak of Beethoven’s stylistic periods of creative work; how many are there?

3

What is characteristic of Beethoven’s last period?

more frequent polyphonic and fugal writing, more daring harmonic concepts, many technical and musical challenges

in the moonlight sonata (op. 27 no. 2) what are the order of movements?

slow, moderate, fast

which of the following work has the longest performance time? (beethoven)

Sonata in Bb, op. 106 “Hammerklavier”

One surprising element of movement 1 of pathetique?

The non-traditional recitative opening followed by the sudden speed and dynamic change (deviation from trad. sonata form)

What is unusual about movement 1 of the concerto no. 4 in G op. 58?

it opens with the piano alone, before the orchestra joins, opposite of the usual

Movement 2 of the Concerto no. 4 - general plan of this movement

ABA’ with the soloist getting louder while the orchestra softens and vise versa

first beethoven sonatas to learn? students?

op. 49 no. 2 (or 1), op. 2 no. 1 (both movement I) - simpler textures, clear sonata form, written as easy sonatas

which of the following are characteristic of the early ROmantic era?

personal expression

Carl Maria von Weber contributed to which of the following to piano music?

large stretches for the hand, wide leaps from one register to another, dramatic effects, such as tremolos

what is significant about clementi’s sonatinas, op. 36

they are the first set ordered according to difficulty

Schubert composed all the following types of pieces except

etudes

this composer is known as the father of piano technique

sigismund thalberg

Mendelssohn published 48 pieces that represent a new field in piano music, in which a lyric or melodic style combines with a harmonic, instrumental style. these are called

songs without words

this composer, with nearly 800 published works, is remembered mainly for his numerous technical exercises

Carl Czerny

in addition to composing and performing, Schumann participated in

he wrote several articles about music and other musicians

this work is based on a novel by Jean Paul Richter and depicts the characters and situation of a masked ball

Papillons, op. 2

Schumann created two fictitious personalities which represented different sides of his personality. the hot headed, passionate one was known as:

Florestan

this work, perhaps Schumann’s best contains a series of character sketches, including: Arlequin, chopin, estrella, paganini, etc.

Carnaval, op. 9

The Etudes Symphoniques, op. 13 is organized as a

theme and variations

One curious musical effect created by Schumann requires a single pedal for 26 measures, in which a bass note is sounded while sifting harmonies change above, which piece?

Papillons, op. 2