Health science 1

Hematology

Study of blood, the blood-forming organs, and blood diseases.

Establishment of the FDA

It is the federal Department of Health and Human Services, checks the sanitary of food, in public places, and if it being sold.

Insulin

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels.

Penicillin

A crucial antibiotic derived from a mold, used to treat various bacterial infections, and its discovery revolutionized medicine.

Diphtheria, Tetanus, & Pertussis (DTP) Vaccine

A couple of vaccines that help to protect against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. DTaP is for younger kids, Tdap is for older kids. It was discontinued because of lawsuits that were related to vaccine safety.

Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) Vaccine

It is a vaccine that helps protect against Measles, Mumps, and Rubella. It is recommended for students. You get two doses, at 12-15 months of age, and at 4-6 years old.

Kidney Dialysis machine

It is a type of medical device that helps to do the job of the kidney, when it is not able to.

Heart-lung machine

It is a machine that can TEMPORARILY do the job of the lungs or heart, during a surgery. You can be on the machine from a few hours to a couple of weeks.

Heart defibrillation & AED

A crucial life saving technique to help bring the heartbeat back to a normal level, when a patient has a cardiac arrest.

Heart transplant

3rd December 1967: The first human to human heart transplant.

Surgical separation of conjoined twins

Dr. Ben Carson Separates Sinuses of Conjoined Twins.

ABO Blood Groups

A classification system for human blood based on the presence or absence of antigens.

Stem Cell Transplant

A medical procedure in which a patient receives stem cells to replace damaged cells.

Polio vaccine

A vaccine that protects against poliomyelitis, a viral disease that can cause paralysis.

AED

Automated External Defibrillator, a device that can restart a heart that has stopped beating.

In Vitro Fertilization

A medical procedure where an egg is fertilized by sperm outside the body.

MRI

Magnetic Resonance Imaging, a medical imaging technique used to visualize internal structures.

CT scan

Computed Tomography scan, a medical imaging method that uses X-rays to create detailed images.

Laparoscopic Surgery

A minimally invasive surgical technique using small incisions and a camera.

Telemedicine

The use of telecommunications technology to provide healthcare remotely.

Nanotechnology

The manipulation of matter on an atomic or molecular scale, often used in medicine.

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

The use of algorithms and software to simulate human cognition in healthcare settings.

Digital Health

The use of technology to enhance health and healthcare delivery.

Robotics in Healthcare

The use of robots to assist in medical procedures and patient care.

Healthcare Innovations

New methods, ideas, or products that improve healthcare delivery and outcomes.

Bioinformatics

The application of computer technology to manage biological information.

Robotic surgery

A surgical procedure that uses robotic systems to assist surgeons in performing operations with precision.

Gamification in therapies

The application of game-design elements in therapeutic contexts to enhance patient engagement and motivation.

Healthcare apps

Mobile applications designed to support health and wellness, providing users with tools for tracking health metrics, accessing medical information, or communicating with healthcare providers.

Biosensors

Devices that detect biological changes in the body and provide real-time data for monitoring health conditions.

Genome

The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.

Gene

A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building proteins, which determine the traits of an organism.

Human genome uniqueness

Approximately 0.1% of the human genome accounts for the unique differences among individuals.

Human genome comparison

The human genome is about 98% similar to that of chimpanzees and shares about 85% similarity with mice.

Human Genome Project timeline

The Human Genome Project began in 1990 and was completed in 2003.

Medical practice utilization of genome

The information from the human genome is used in medical practice for personalized medicine, genetic testing, and understanding disease mechanisms.

Mediview XR development

Mediview XR was developed to enhance surgical visualization and improve surgical outcomes.

Mediview XR healthcare improvement

Mediview XR has improved healthcare by providing surgeons with augmented reality tools for better decision-making during procedures.

Gene therapy

A technique that modifies a person's genes to treat or prevent disease.

Regenerative medicine

A field of medicine that focuses on repairing, replacing, or regenerating damaged tissues and organs.

Sickle cell disorder

A genetic condition where red blood cells become misshapen, leading to various health complications.

3D bioprinting

A technology that uses 3D printing techniques to create biological tissues and organs.

Ottobock C-Brace

A type of brace designed to assist individuals with mobility impairments, enhancing their daily activities.

Virtual surgical procedures

Surgical operations conducted in a simulated environment using virtual reality technology.

Western medicine and CAM

The integration of conventional medical practices with complementary and alternative medicine approaches.

EnChroma Glasses

Specialized glasses designed to enhance color perception for individuals with color blindness.

Renaissance

A period that followed the Middle Ages, significant for advancements in arts, science, and religion.

Advancements in Medicine

Improvements in the understanding of anatomy and physiology due to dissection of the human body.

Printing Press

An invention that allowed medical knowledge to be widely shared.

Apothecary

Like today's pharmacy, where drugs were made and distributed.

16th through 18th centuries hospitals

Larger hospitals were built to treat those suffering from illness and disease, moving away from treatment at churches and homes.

Leading cause of death during 16th-18th centuries

Infectious diseases.

Germ Theory

A theory established by viewing microorganisms, which was made possible by a significant invention.

Dr. Snow

A scientist who modified the understanding of cholera infections through research.

Vaccine Development

A process paved by scientists who studied microorganisms.

Andreas Vesalius

A significant figure in medical history who published the first healthcare book.

Years Lived (Andreas Vesalius)

Dec 1514 - June 1564.

Location (Andreas Vesalius)

Brussels (Now Belgium).

Hippocrates

A significant figure in medical history known for his contributions to medicine.

Hildagard

A significant figure in medical history known for her contributions to healthcare.

Zacharias Janssen

A significant figure in medical history known for his contributions to science.

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

A significant figure in medical history known for his contributions to microbiology.

Benjamin Franklin

A significant figure in medical history known for his contributions to public health.

Edward Jenner

A significant figure in medical history known for developing the smallpox vaccine.

John Hunter

A significant figure in medical history known for his contributions to surgery.

Florence Nightingale

A significant figure in medical history known for her contributions to nursing.

Louis Pasteur

A significant figure in medical history known for his discoveries in microbiology.

Joseph Lister

A significant figure in medical history known for his contributions to antiseptic surgery.

René Laennec

A significant figure in medical history known for inventing the stethoscope.

Elizabeth Blackwell

A significant figure in medical history known for being the first woman to receive a medical degree.

Clara Barton

A significant figure in medical history known for founding the American Red Cross.

Robert Koch

A significant figure in medical history known for his contributions to bacteriology.

Wilhelm Röntgen

A significant figure in medical history known for discovering X-rays.

Sigmund Freud

A significant figure in medical history known for founding psychoanalysis.

19th Century Medical Advancements

The understanding of microorganisms led to improved infection control practices.

In-Home Patient Care

During the 19th century, doctors provided mostly in-home patient care.

Bloodletting

The release of blood to help relieve symptoms of certain medical conditions originated over 3000 years ago.

Spring-loaded lacets

Made bloodletting less painful during the 19th century.

Leeches

Used in bloodletting practices during the 19th century.

Unique Fact about Zacharias Janssen

He and his dad Hans invented the microscope together.

Unique Fact about Anton van Leeuwenhoek

He was the first person able to see bacteria and protozoa with a microscope.

Unique Fact about Benjamin Franklin

He loved to write and wrote many pieces for the newspapers and helped to draft the declaration of independence.

Unique Fact about John Hunter

He completed a course of studies in medicine, but never became a true doctor of medicine.

Unique Fact about Edward Jenner

He was a student of John Hunter at St. George's hospital.

What was a common health belief during the primitive time period (4000 BC - 3000 BC)?

Illness was a result of evil spirits in the body.

What medical procedure was used during the primitive time period to release demons and treat headaches?

Trepanation, the drilling of a hole in the skull.

What did the Bronze Age signify in terms of tool creation?

People made tools from a mixture of metal alloys (called bronze).

What was a common practice used for bloodletting in Ancient Egypt?

The use of leeches.

What practice increased the understanding of human anatomy in Ancient Egypt?

Embalming.

What was prohibited in Ancient China for religious reasons relating to medicine?

Dissection.

How was balance restored to the mind and body in ancient China?

Acupuncture was used to improve blood flow.

What were the Ancient Greeks the first to study regarding the human body?

The effects of disease.

What did the Ancient Greeks believe promoted overall health?

A healthy lifestyle, including exercise, regular sleep, and a healthy diet.

Who discovered the human body has a pulse in Ancient Greece?

Praxagoras of Cos.

Who is considered the father of medicine?

Hippocrates (460BC-377BC).

What is the Hippocratic Oath?

An oath developed by Hippocrates that is still used by medical professionals today.

What type of facilities did the ancient Roman Empire have for medical treatment?

First hospitals, some specifically for the military and care given in homes.

What did the ancient Roman Empire emphasize regarding hygiene?

Personal hygiene (cleanliness) including bathing.

What did the ancient Romans develop?

The first sanitation systems, including plumbing systems and running water.

What led to the start of the Dark Ages?

The fall of the Roman Empire.