AP Human Geography Vocab Unit 5

This flashcards will help you pass and get an A+ on your Unit 5 Exam.

Agriculture

The practice of cultivating soil, growing crops, and raising animals for food, fiber, and other products used to sustain and enhance human life.

Extensive Farming

Agricultural practice that involves large areas of land with low input and low output per unit area.

Intensive Farming

Agricultural practice that involves using small areas of land with high input and high output per unit area.

Market Gardening

Small scale farming focused on growing crops for direct sale to consumers.

Mixed Crop & Livestock Farming

Combining crop cultivation and livestock raising on the same farm.

Nomadic Herding

Moving herders who graze livestock in response to seasonal pastures.

Shifting Cultivation

Clearing land for farming that is rotated due to soil depletion.

Deforestation

Clearing forests by human activity, leading to habitat loss.

Desertification

The degradation of land into desert due to various factors.

Draining Wetlands

Removing water from wetlands, harming ecosystems.

Soil Salinization

Build-up of salts in soil, reducing agricultural productivity.

Biodiversity

Variety of life forms within an ecosystem.

Biotechnology

Using biological processes for product development and enhancement.

Community-Supported Agriculture (CSA)

Subscription-based local farming providing consumers with fresh produce.

Economies of Scale

Cost advantages gained by increased production scale.

Food Deserts

Areas lacking access to affordable and nutritious food.

Food Insecurity

Lack of regular access to sufficient and healthy food.

Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO)

Living organisms with altered genetic material for specific advantages.

Local Food Movements

Efforts to promote local food production and consumption.

Organic Farming

Farming without synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.

Sustainability

Practices that support current and future ecological balance.

Urban Farming

Food cultivation in urban areas to promote local sourcing.

Value-Added Specialty Crops

Crops enhanced to increase market value for farmers.

Clustered Settlement

A type of rural settlement where buildings and structures are located close together.

Dispersed Settlement

A type of rural settlement characterized by a scattered distribution of homes and farms.

Linear Settlement

A type of rural settlement that develops along a road, river, or another linear feature.

Long Lot Survey Method

A system of land surveying that divides land into narrow strips, typically along a river or road.

Township & Range Survey Method

A grid-based land survey system used primarily in the United States for land distribution.

Metes & Bounds Survey Method

A system of land surveying that uses physical landmarks and directions to define property boundaries.

Rural Settlement Patterns

The spatial arrangement and distribution of human settlements in agricultural and non-urban areas.