Studied by 31 people
general chemistry
the study of matter, energy, and the interactions between the two
Organic chemistry
focused on compounds produced by living organisms or synthetic chemicals that have chains of carbon in them.
Inorganic chemistry
focused on simple compounds like minerals, metals, and organometallic compounds.
Understanding the fundamental properties of matter
This provides critical insights into the basic principles governing the behavior and interactions of elements and their compounds.
Technological applications
Biological importance:
While organic chemistry is often the focus in biochemistry, many essential biological processes also involve inorganic species, such as metal-containing enzymes, cofactors, and the Inorganic components of bones and teeth.
Fundamental scientific understanding
Investigating the behavior and properties of inorganic compounds and materials contributes to our overall scientific knowledge and the development of new theories and models in chemistry and materials science.
Matter
is anything that has mass and takes up space (volume)
Matter
is made up of small particles, A known as atoms.
Matter
can be presented in different states, each of them has specific characteristics
Solid
nave definite shape and volume
Solid
The intermolecular forces between the molecules is high.
Solid
The intermolecular space between solids is absent
Liquid
have indefinite shape but have definite volume
Liquid
The intermolecular forces between the molecules is moderate
Liquid
The intermolecular space is moderate but present.
Gas
have indefinite shape and volume
Gas
The Intermolecular forces between the molecules is nоn- existent
Gas
The intermolecular space is free- flowing and plenty.
Plasma
most abundant state of matter
Plasma
hot ionized gas consisting of approximately equal numbers of positively charged ions and negatively charged ions
Melting
- Solid to Liquid
Freezing
- Liquid to Solid
Evaporation
- Liquid to Gas
Condensation
- Gas to Liquid
Sublimation
- Solid to Gas
Deposition
- Gas to Solid
Ionization
- Gas to Plasma
Recombination
- Plasma to Gas
Physical Properties
These can be measured and observed without changing the composition of the substance
Physical Properties
Intensive Properties
Extensive Properties
Chemical Properties
These are the ability of a substance to react with other substances such as air, water, and base
Intensive Properties
It does not depend on the size or amount of the sample.
Extensive Properties
These can be affected by the size and amount of samples. According to changed involved during measurements of the property.
Combustibility
- Whether the substance undergoes combustion or not
Stability
- Whether the substance can be easily decomposed or not
Reactivity
- Whether it reacts with acids, bases, and oxygen, gas or not
Relative-Activity
- Whether the material is more active or less active than other members of its chemical family
Ionization
- Whether it will break into charged particles when in solution with water or not.
Toxicity
- Whether substance can damage an organism or not.
Pure Substance
single kind of matter that cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by any physical mean
Element
– simplest form of substance
Compound
– two or more chemical united (separated via chemical means)
Mixture
Physical combination of two own more substances in which each substance retains its own chemical identity
Homogenous
It has a uniform composition
Homogenous
It has only one phase
Homogenous
It can't be separated out physically
Heterogenous
It has a non-uniform composition
Heterogenous
There are two or more phases
Heterogenous
can be separated out physically
Note
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