Lesson 5 - Occupational Radiation Dose Management

What must you alwaye wear in when doing a mobile radiographic procedure?

lead apron

How far back should you stand when using a mobile radiography if you are not wearing an apron?

3m

What cardinal principal does rotational scheduling of personnel follow?

time

What kind of procedures do we recieve alot of occupational exposure?

interventional, mobile, fluoroscopy, and special procedures

Requirements and Recommendations for Operation of Radioscopic Equipment according to SC 35

1. All persons required to be in the room must wear protective aprons
2. Protective gauntlets should be worn by the radiologist during palpation; during radioscopy palpation should be kept to a minimum
3. “All radioscopic examinations should be carried out as rapidly as possible using minimum dose rates and X-ray field size.”
4. “For each type of radioscopic procedure, an assessment should be made of the physical position of all personnel to ensure ease of operation of the equipment, visibility of the display, and protection from the radiation field.”

What should you do during a conventional fluoroscopic procedure?

Wear personnel protection, stand behind the radiologist or control booth, and the apron should be a wrap around

what are some dose reductio techniques during conventional fluoroscopic procedures

• beam collimation

• filtration

• gonadal shielding

• control of technical exposure factors

• high speed image receptor

• source ot skin distance

• standing away from the xray tube

how much shielding does a lead curtain give?

0.25mm lead

when using a C arm fluoroscope, what thickness should your apron be?

0.5 mm lead

When is scatter radiation more intense, over or under the table?

over the table

Knowledge of Dose-Reduction Techniques required by the
_________.

radiographer

What are some dose reduction techniques?

• use of high quality low dose fluoroscopy mode

• pulsed beam operation

• adequeate collimation

• correct beam filtration

• removable grids

• last image hold mode

• roadmapping

• time interval differences

• change beam entry side

• high levle control used sparingly

How the Radiologist or Other Interventional Physician Can
Reduce Radiation Exposure

• reducing duration

• fewer images

• reduce use of continuous fluoroscopic mode

• keep protective curtain

what is the dose limit for the skin of the hands?

500 mSv

potentially greatest sources of exposure to
personnel

i. These procedures require a number of personnel in close vicinity to the patient
ii. Radioscopy for an extended period of time
iii. Multiple radiographic exposures

Requirements and Recommendations for Performing
Angiography

1. Full use of protective devices provided; shielded panels, drapes, Bucky slot covers, ceiling-suspended lead acrylic screens, etc.
2. Operate equipment with the x-ray tube under the patient; if the x-ray tube is horizontal, stand on the side of the image receptor

3. All personnel must wear protective clothing and personnel dosimeters. Protective glasses should be worn.
4. All personnel not required to be next to the patient should stand back; preferably behind a protective shield
5. Special shields in addition to the protective devices provided with the machine should be used.

Using fluoroscopic equipment in the pulsed mode helps to reduce dose by reducing the amount of time the equipment is on. True or False?

true

Where should the xray tube be to have the least amount of radiation?

under the table

Should the lead curtain on the front of a conventional fluoroscopic machine, should be removed when the doctor needs to palpate the patient?

No, it must stay on at all times to protect them

During mobile radiography for a chest x-ray, the technologist should stand at the foot of the bed to minimize dose to themselves. True or False?

false

Where should you stand when taking a mobile radiograph?

90 degrees from the angle of the primary beam

What kind of procedure should you wear an extremity monitor?

interventional procedures