Inca

Ancestor Worship

A practice where the Incas honored their dead leaders, believing they had spiritual power and could offer advice.

The Andes

A big mountain range in western South America that shaped the Inca Empire's land, made some areas hard to reach, and provided natural protection.

Atahualpa

The last strong ruler of the Incas who fought his brother for control, was captured by the Spanish in a surprise attack, and was later executed.

Cuzco

The capital city of the Inca Empire that was very important for politics and religion; its control was crucial for power.

Francisco Pizarro

The Spanish leader who conquered the Incas by taking advantage of their internal conflicts and tricking their ruler, Atahualpa.

Incan Civil War

A conflict between two brothers for the Inca throne that weakened the empire, making it easier for the Spanish to invade.

Mit’a System

A labor system where people worked on public projects instead of paying taxes, which was later abused by the Spanish conquerors.

Mitma System

A practice of moving conquered communities to spread Inca culture while causing resentment and disrupting local identities.

Road Network

A vast system of roads in the Inca Empire that helped with travel and communication, later used by the Spanish for their conquest.

Split Inheritance

A way of passing power where the ruler's authority went to their heir, but their wealth stayed with their family, leading to competition for resources.

Quechua

The main language of the Inca Empire, which helped unify different groups and is still spoken by millions today.

Quipu

A method of keeping records using knotted cords, which allowed the Incas to manage information effectively, although it was seen as simple by others.