Regions of North American-Indian Tribes

Northwest

Chinook - salmon, spirituality (weirs built to catch salmon). Always eating fish. hunters and gatherers. seasonal settlements. canoes, totem poles

Plateau

Arid, mountainous, nomadic, hunting and gathering, large game animals don’t come until the introduction of the horse (Spain), wickiups (huts covered in brush or grass) tornado alley.

Great Basin

Utes!! Arid, mountainous, nomadic, hunting and gathering, large game animals don’t come until the introduction of the horse (Spain), wickiups (huts covered in brush or grass) tornado alley.

Plains

impact of horse = buffalo

grasslands, prairies, low precipitation. Some tribes were nomadic while others had settled communities with agriculture. Dependent on buffalo one of the most impacted by the spanish due to horse which made them become bison hunters.

California

Ocean bays, wetland environments. Rabbit, deer, acorns, seeds, native grasses

Arctic

Inuit, eskimo, very cold, no agriculture, relied on hunting, gathering, and fishing. Seal meat (blubber)

Southwest

Anasazi (ancient enemy), ancestral pueblo. Built pueblos - apartment buildings. traded turquoise —> maize, vast irrigation systems due to drought. Language is going extinct. Villages next to cliff and in “u” shape. circles (kivas) were for spirituality.

Northeast

Mississippi River valley : endpoint of the trade network of the Americas. More east you go —> more permanent housing —> due to environment.

Northeast: wood=settlement more permanent, 3 sisters (sky woman). Iroquois (Iroquois confederacy - alliance between 5 nations NY) great law of peace prophecy longhouses (wood) 5 civilized tribes

Southeast

Warm with rainfall. Oceans, bays, wetlands.