Kaylee Granier- CHAPTER 13; Gastroenterology

alimentary canal

the digestive system

what are the two types of glands in the body

endocrine and exocrine

Endocrine gland

secretes hormones into the bloodstream

Exocrine glands

secretes hormones into the ducts

what are the accessory exocrine glands of the digestive system

1- salivary glands

2- liver

3- gallbladder

4- pancreas

what is special about the pancreas

only organ that is both endocrine and exocrine

ingestion

the process of taking substances such as food, drink, meds, etc into the body by swallowing or absorbing them

digestion

complex process of breaking down food into small molecules that the body can absorb into the bloodstream for energy, growth and cell repair

absorption

the process where broken down nutrients pass from the small intestine into the blood stream or lymph

egestion

the final step of digestion, involving the removal of undigested, unusabled food waste from the body through the butt

what are food residues

what are the four major types of organic compounds

1- carbohydrates> monosaccharides

2- lipids> fatty acids

3- proteins> amino acids

4- nucleic acids> nucleotides

what are the divisions of the alimentary canal

• mouth

• pharynx

• esophagus

• stomach

• small intestine

• large intestine

• anus

what is fauces

hole in the back of the mouth

what is the superior labial frenulum

the thin tissue connecting the upper lip to the gum

what is the inferior labial frenulum

what are the three parts of the tooth

crown, neck, root

what is enamel

top of the tooth, the outside of the gum part

what are the two parts of the crown

enamel and detine

anatomical crown

the superior portion of the tooth that is covered by enamel

clinical crown

that portion of the anatomical crown visible above the egingiva ( gum )

what is the root canal

infextion of pulp cavity

what is the occlusal surface of the crown

the portion of the crown that contacts opposing teeth

what are cusps

the elevations present on the occlusal surface of the crown

incisors

chisel shaped teeth used of biting

canines

pointed teeth used for tearing

premolars

broad teeth used for grinding

molars

broad teeth used for grinding and crushing

what are deciduous teeth

baby teeth

when do baby teeth come in

6 months after birth

how many total baby teeth are there

20

when do baby teeth fall out

around 6 years old

how many total adult teeth

32

what material are the teeth made up of

calcium phosphate

what is the pulp cavity

containing many sensory nerve fibers

what are dental caries

cavity, gum inflammation

what is gingivitis

what is pyorrhea

infection of the tooth socket

what is an impacted wisdom tooth

when the wisdom teeth come in at an angle