Periodic Trends and Electron Behavior in Chemistry

What is election shielding?

Inner shell electrons block the positive charge of the nucleus, reducing the attraction felt by outer electrons.

What is electron repulsion?

The force that pushes electrons apart because they all have a negative charge.

What happens to a cation in terms of electrons?

A cation loses electrons and is smaller than its parent atom.

What happens to an anion in terms of electrons?

An anion gains electrons and is always larger than its parent atom.

What is electron affinity?

The change that occurs when an atom gains an electron.

What is ionization energy?

The energy required to remove the outermost electron from the ground state of a gaseous atom.

How does atomic radius change across a period and down a group?

Atomic radius decreases from left to right across a period and increases down a group.

How does ionization energy change across a period and down a group?

Ionization energy increases from left to right across a period and decreases down a group.

What is effective nuclear charge?

The net positive charge experienced by an electron in a multi

How does electronegativity change across a period and down a group?

Electronegativity increases from left to right across a period and decreases down a group.

What is Coulomb's law in relation to atomic structure?

It describes the force of attraction between charged particles, indicating that the closer an electron is to the nucleus, the stronger the attraction.