Nausea and Vomiting

Ondansetron generic

Zofran

Zofran MOA

• blocking serotonin receptors in CTZ

• blocks pathway to the vomiting center

Zofran USES

chemotherapy induced vomiting

Zofran adverse effects

• dizziness

• headaches

• constipation

• QT prolonging

• potentially Torsades de Pointes

What is constipation an adverse effect of Zofran

Serotonin in Zofran is blocked→decreases peristalsis→constipation

Prochlorperazine generic

Compazine

Compazine MOA

• blocks dopamine receptors in CTZ

• also block muscarinic and histamine receptors

Compazine adverse effects

• Tardive dyskinesia w PROLONGED USE

• blurred vision

• urinary retention

• dry mouth

• constipation

• drowsiness

Compazine contraindactions

Children <2 years→resp depression

Dimenhydrinate generic

Dramamine

Dramamine MOA

• blocks histamine receptors

• also blocks muscarinic receptors to a lesser degree

Dramamine family

antihistamine

Dramamine USES

effective for motion sickness

Dramamine adverse effects

• sedation

• urinary retention

• dry mouth

• constipation

Histamine adverse dramamine effects

sedation

Anticholinergeric adverse dramamine effects

• urinary retention

• dry mouth

• constipation

Scopolamine generic

Scopoderm

Scopoderm MOA

• blocks muscarinic receptors

• blocks histamine receptors to a lesser degree

• blocks pathway from vestibular apparatus to vomiting center

Scopoderm USES

effective for motion sickness (anticholinergics)

Scopoderm adverse effect

• urinary retention

• dry mouth

• constipation

• drowsiness

Prednisone generic

Deltasone

Deltasone family

glucocorticoids

Detlasone MOA

inhibits synthesis of chemical mediators (prostaglandins, leukotrines, histamine)→reduces swelling and pain

Deltasone adverse effects (CHAOS)

• Cushings

• hyperglycemia

• Adrenal insufficiency

• Osteoporosis

• Suppressed immune system

• and physiology disturbances (“roid rage”

Sulfasalazine generic

Azulfidine

azulfidine family

5-ASA

Azulfidine uses

reduces swelling and inflammation in large intestines

Azulfidine MOA

• reduces inflammation by inhibiting COX

• suppresses prostaglandins synthesis

• used for treatment of acute attacks

Azulfidine adverse effects

• nausea

• fever

• rash

• orange tint to bodily fluis

adalimumab generic

Humira

Adalimumab family

immunomodulators

mono-clonal antibody

adalimumab

adalimumab MOA

• binds to and neutralizes TNF-a

  • reduces inflammation

adalimumab adverse effects

• immunosuppression increases risk for infection including TB

• injection site reactions

  • rash, erythema, itching, pain, swelling