Pediatric Growth, Development, and Nursing Care: Child and Adolescent Milestones

What is an effective strategy for managing a child's temper tantrums?

Set consistent limits.

What finding in a 6th grader indicates the need for additional observation?

Still believes in Santa Claus.

According to Kohlberg's moral theory, what is the basis for a school-age child's behavior that shows concern for others?

Reciprocity.

What should a nurse prioritize when a female adolescent has recently started menses?

Provide educational material to answer any questions.

What is the expected weight gain range for children aged 5 to 12 years?

4.5 to 6.5 pounds per year.

What behavior indicates a transition to concrete operational thought in children, according to Piaget?

A child no longer believing that an adult dressed in a mouse suit is a giant mouse.

What immediate action should a nurse take if a parent turns their back on an infant mannequin while on a changing table?

Warrant immediate action due to safety concerns.

What cognitive development behaviors are expected in a 5-year-old child?

Imaginative play, using symbolism, and imitating behaviors.

What actions are age-appropriate for a nurse when caring for a hospitalized adolescent?

Treating the adolescent with respect and encouraging peers to visit.

What information should a nurse include in a teaching session for school-age children regarding accident prevention?

Water safety, sports safety, firearm safety, and escape from abduction.

What physical changes associated with aging should a nurse discuss with older adults?

Increased likelihood of choking, greater likelihood of incontinence, and decreased tear production.

What question should a nurse ask to determine if a developmental delay in a child is due to biological factors?

Did your child experience a lack of oxygen during the birth process?

What is the expected weight of a 1-year-old infant who was born at 8 pounds 2 ounces?

25 pounds.

In which stage of Kohlberg's moral development is a patient who wants to fight for justice and human rights?

Postconventional morality.

What reflex is elicited when a nurse instructs a postpartum patient to touch the newborn's cheek?

Rooting reflex.

What is the priority nursing diagnosis for a newborn with a bulging anterior fontanel?

Fluid volume excess.

What is the best nursing response to a parent concerned about their toddler's eating habits?

Suggest varied food choices and allow the child to select.

What is the best approach for preoperative teaching for a school-age child?

Use doll therapy.

What stage of Fowler's spiritual development is indicated by a child who imitates their parents' religious behaviors?

Mythic-literal.

What stage of spiritual development is indicated by a patient developing beliefs different from their parents'?

Individuating-reflexive.

How can a nurse confirm object permanence in a toddler?

Use a paper towel to cover the stethoscope and then remove.

What is the priority action for a nurse when providing care to a pediatric patient?

Safety.