History 1010 Final

Three Results of Jackson’s Election

1. line to founding fathers is broken

2. parties develop further

3. continued policy of Indian removal

Nullification Crisis

SC attempted to nullify federal tariffs. led to problems with federal government and discussion about states rights

Long Term Outcome of Nullification Crisis

strengthened federal authority over states. reinforced tensions between north and south.

Death of the 2nd Bank of the US

bad for country. bank produced stabilization

3 Whigs Beliefs

1. national bank

2. high protective tariff

3. federal aid to internal improvements

Log Cabin Campaign

1. William Henry Harrison

2. humble, common man

3. set a precedent for future campaigns

4 Consequences of Eaton Affair

1. cabinet reshuffling

2. rise of Martin van Buren

3. fall of John C. Calhoun

4. intensified rivalries and factions

Second Great Awakening

protestant revival. emphasized personally relationship with God. led to increased church attendance, denominations, and social movements

First and Second Great Awakening Differences

the second lasted longer and was more profound

Transcendentalist Literary Movement

writers who believed humans can discover truth by looking inside themselves. more progressive for their time

Abolitionism

a movement to end slavery and ensure equal rights. northern based

What Caused Abolitionism to Grow?

1. Second GA

2. International Trends

3. Nat Turner’s Rebellion

Significance of Seneca Falls

produced Declaration of Sentiments and creates basis for women’s suffrage movement

Oregon Trail

migration route used by pioneers from Missouri River to Oregon

8 Challenges of the Oregon Trail

1. disease

2. weather

3. rough terrain

4. supplies issues

5. wagon issues

6. animal exhaustion

7. accidents

8. conflicts with natives

Annexation of Texas

Texas was added to the US after it gained independence from Mexico

Why Was Texas Controversial?

it upset balance between slave and free states and risked war with Mexico

Components of Compromise of 1850

California admitted as free state. UT and NM vote on slavery

Mexican American War

Conflict between the US and Mexico. resulted in significant territory gain for US

North Reaction to the Mexican American War

opposed. thought it was a way to advance slavery

South Reaction to the Mexican American War

for. wanted to advance slavery

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo - US

US gained California, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, and parts of Colorado and Wyoming.

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo - Mexico

nearly half of its territory lost. lost control over Texas too

Fugitive Slave Law

law that mandated the return of runaway slaves and prohibited helping them

Why Was the Fugitive Slave Law Controversial?

violated personal and moral beliefs about slavery and freedom

Slave Power Conspiracy

belief that a group of southern slave owners controlled the government and sought to expand slavery

The Republican Party

opposed expansion of slavery and favored strong central government. members were northerners

Bleeding Kansas

violent confrontations between pro and anti slavery factions

What Led to Bleeding Kansas?

debate over whether Kansas should enter as a free or slave state. fueled by the Kansas-Nebraska Act

How Did Bleeding Kansas Contribute to the Start of the Civil War?

increased tensions and deepened the divide

First Manassas

first major battle of the war. Confederate victory

Self Emancipation

enslaved people freeing themselves often by escaping or resisting

Copperheads

northern opponents of the war

Southern Homefront Challenges

food shortages, inflation, resisting the draft

Three Big Questions After the War

1. what happens to black southerners?

2. would confederates be tried and executed?

3. would white southerners be disenfranchised

How Did the Civil War Change America?

1. industrialization

2. big business growth

3. more powerful federal government

4. free labor

Presidential Reconstruction

only minor changes needed

Congressional Reconstruction

republican view. major changes needed

5 Basic Impacts of The Transportation Revolution

1. assisted western expansion

2. increased urbanization

3. gave boost to manufacturing and industry

4. linked the Midwest politically and culturally

5. intensified Southern commitment to slavery.

Characteristics of the Antebellum North and West

1. free labor

2. transportation fuels urbanization

3. transportation links north and midwest

4. more industrialization than in the south

5. more immigrants arriving

6. educational systems stronger and political culture less individualistic

4 Tactics of Abolitionism

1. arguing that slavery is unchristian

2. speakers spread the message

3. bombarding southern cities with “junk mail”

Civil War Border States

Delaware, Missouri, Kentucky, and Maryland