Urinalysis matching

pH

methyl red and bromethly blue

pH

Double indicator

pH

Normal= 4.5-8.0

pH

sl. acidic= normal

alkaline tide= after meals

alkaline= obstruction cystitis

Bacteria= increased

Protein

Tetrabromethyl blue

Protein

Protein of error indicator

Protein

Renal dz, Nephrotic syndrome, Glomerulonephritis, Multiple myeloma (Bence Jones)

Protein

Trace to Neg= normal

Orthostatic pressure

RBC’s and casts

Protein

SSA confirmatory

Glucose

Glucose oxidase

Peroxidase

Glucose

Double Enzyme reaction

Glucose

Diabetes mellitus, Renal threshold, tubular reabsorption mal.

Glucose

Normal= Neg

w/ ketones

Glucose

Clinitest

Ketones

Sodium nitroprusside

Ketones

Acetoacetic acid, B-hydroxybutyric, Acetone

Ketones

Diabetes, fad diets, starvation, vomiting, diahrrea

Ketones

Normal= Neg

w/ Glucose

Ketones

Acetest

Blood

Tetramethyl benzidine

Pseudoperoxidase

Blood

UTI, renal calculi, Glomerular dz, pyelonephritis strenuous exercise

Blood

Normal= Neg

Hematuria (cloudy, red) and Hemoglobinuria (clear,red)

w/ protein

Bilirubin

Diazo

Bilirubin

Liver malfunction, bile duct obstruction, tumors, gallstones, hemolytic anemias

Bilirubin

Normal= Neg.

photosensitive

w/ urobilinogen

Bilirubin

Ictotest

Nitrite

Griess reaction

Nitrite

cystitis, pyelonephritis

Nitrite

Normal= Neg.

GNR nitrate reducers

not always pos. in UTI

w/ blood, leukocytes, and protein

Urobilinogen

Paradiethylaminobenzaldehyle

Urobilinogen

Ehrlichs reaction

Urobilinogen

liver dz (POS), hemolytic dz (POS), and bile duct obstruction(NEG)

Normal= I/EU

Leukocytes

Granulocytic esterase reaction

Leukocytes

UTI, pyelonephritis

Leukocytes

Normal= Neg

w/ blood, nitrite, protein, bacteria (micro)

Specific Gravity

PK change in polyelectrolyte

Specific Gravity

Renal concentration ability test

Increased SG CONC

Decreased Diabetes ins.

Increased Diabetes mell.

Specific Gravity

Normal= 1.005-1.025

X-ray does not interfere

more specific= osmolarity