Science Part 3 Quiz

Redshift of distant galaxies suggests…

The universe is expanding

Which galaxies are redshifted?

Almost all of them

Because of redshift, we think the universe is __

Expanding

Because the universe is still expanding, we think it must have ____

Started as a singularity

Which scientist discovered galactic redshift, meaning the universe is expanding?

Edwin Hubble

How old is the universe?

13.7 billion years

What does redshift mean?

Element spectral lines are at lower frequency

The Doppler Effect says that objects shifted to HIGH frequency are…

Moving closer

If the frequency of a wave is high, the waves will be _.

close together

The lowest frequency EM wave is:

radio

In a vacuum, all electromagnetic waves travel _.

the speed of light

The highest frequency EM wave is:

gamma ray

How fast or slow a wave travels

Frequency

Waves we can see; colors of the rainbow

Visible light waves

The complete range of waves that give off radiation placed in order from low to high frequency

Electromagnetic Spectrum

The belt beyond Neptune containing icy objects.

Kuiper belt

Gas giants

Saturn, Neptune, Uranus, Jupiter

gravity

A force that pulls objects together and is the duct tape of the universe.

Period

The time that it takes a complete cycle

A cloud of dust and gas containing mostly hydrogen and helium

Nebula

what is Keplers 2nd law

Planets move in its ellipse so that the line between it and the Sun placed at a focus sweeps out equal areas in equal times.

fusion

The process of joining two or more things together to release energy

nebular theory

A theory describing the origin of our solar system

accretion

A slow growth in size caused by the attraction of matter due to gravity

moon

Another term for a satellite; something that orbits a planet

gravity

A force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses; pulls everything to the center of a planet

dwarf planet

Similar to a planet, but lacking certain requirements

nebula

Giant cloud of gas and dust in space; made mostly of H (hydrogen) and He (helium)

asteroid

Made of metal and rock; smaller than a planet or satellite (moon)

big bang

A theory describing the origin of our universe

planetesimal

Baby planet

terrestrial

"Relating to the land"; used to describe the innermost planets that are small and rocky

planet

A large body in space that orbits a star and does not produce light of its own

solar system

Sun, planets, and all the other objects that revolve around the sun

sun

The star at the center of our solar system; contains the majority of the matter of our solar system

what is the 3rd planet from the Sun

earth

what is keplers 1st law

The path of planets are ellipses, with the sun as one of the foci.

What is Keplers 3rd law

The square of the ratio of the periods of any two planets revolving around the Sun is equal to the cube of the ratio of their average distances from the sun.

p² = a³

As the distance increases the force of gravity will

decrease

If the mass of one object increase, the force of gravity between it another object will

increase

If 1 mass is doubled, then what will happen to the gravitational force between them?

doubled

If the distance between 2 objects is doubled, then the gravitational force will be

quartered

If both masses are doubled, then what will happen to the gravitational force between them?

quadrupled

Newton SI unit of force and weight

N

The __ distance between two objects, the more the gravitational pull.

less

If the distance between 2 objects is cut in half, then the gravitational force will be

quadrupled

Universal Gravitational equation

F = G (m1 x m2) / d^2

law of universal gravitation

states the force of gravity acts between all objects in the universe, this is related to the mass of objects and the distance they are from one another

A measure of the amount of matter in an object or heaviness of an object.

mass

The ____ mass the two objects have , the more gravitational force is between them.

more

The only two factors that influence gravitational force.

mass and distance