Studied by 23 people
name three parts of DNA that make up a nucleotide
phosphate, sugar, nitrogen base
what type of bond is formed between nitrogenous bases of DNA?
hydrogen bonds
what is the monomer of DNA?
nucleotide
what is the function of DNA polymerase?
adds complementary nitrogenous bases to the leading and lagging strand
what is the end result of DNA replication?
two identical DNA molecules
a chain of amino acids folds into....
a 3D protein
what shape is a DNA molecule?
double helix or twisted ladder
Watson and Crick with the help of Martha Chase, used x-ray diffraction to determine what about DNA?
its structure
the enzyme responsible for unwinding the DNA helix
helicase
what is the function of primase?
tell DNA polymerase where to start adding bases
list three differences between DNA and RNA
DNA is double stranded, has deoxyribose, and thymine instead of uracil
genes are located on what molecule?
DNA strand
which enzyme unravels the DNA molecule so that the DNA can be copied or replicated?
helicase
what two components make up the sides or backbone of the double helix?
sugar deoxyribose and phosphate group
true or false: thymine is found in RNA
false
if DNA sequence reads ATC, what would the complimentary strand of DNA read?
TAG
which enzyme fuses Okazaki fragments that occur as a result of replicating the lagging strand?
ligase
what constitutes the leading strand during DNA replication?
if the strand is copied toward the replication fork, it is considered the leading strand
name three differences of RNA and DNA
RNA contains the base U(uracil), different sugar, RNA leaves nucleus, RNA is single stranded
what strand is replicated in the same direction as helicase?
leading strand
describe semi-conservative
the new strands of DNA after replication contain 1/2 original DNA and 1/2 new DNA
why is it a benefit to have DNA bases connected by a weak hydrogen base
the bases are easily separated by helicase
what molecule does DNA polymerase produce?
DNA
how is DNA and RNA similar?
both are genetic material, contain A/C/G bases, contain phosphate, are found in the nucleus
what makes up the rungs of the DNA ladder?
nitrogen bases
what constitutes the lagging strand during DNA replication?
if the strand is copied away from the replication fork, it is considered the lagging strand
Chargaff noticed that in every DNA sample there was always the same amount of adenines and thymines as well as the same amount of guanines and cytosines. what was his conclusion?
A and T pair and C and G pair
what are the 3 parts of nucelotide?
sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base
the lagging strand is formed by "pieces" of DNA is called
Okazaki Fragments
