History Midterm Review (WWI + WWII)

**Woodrow Wilson**

28th President of the United States and a member of the democratic party, and was the leader of the united states through WWI and was a pacifist who believed that after world war one the world should have weaker borders and look for world peace  

**14 points**

This was the proposal of Woodrow Wilson following world war one where Wilson outlines his plan to have a world with weaker borders and free trade where democracy is constantly being protected by a league of nations

**New technology/ warfare**

Mustard gas

Submarines 

Airplanes 

Boats 

War tanks 

War cars 

Machine guns 

Gas masks

**Zimmerman note**

Telegram intercepted by the United states from Germany to Mexico that asked for Mexico to unite the central powers attacking the United states. This was the key catalyst for the United States to join world war one. 

**Lusitania**

British ship that was blown up by German submarine. This was one of the leading reasons for the United States entering the war.  

**Selective Service Act**

On May 18, 1917, Congress passed the Selective Service Act, which authorized the Federal Government to temporarily expand the military through conscription.

**Total war**

Mobilization of the Homefront to be completely shifted into aiding the war effort. This includes four things: Mobilization, refusal to compromise, the blurring of roles between soldier and civilians, and total control of society

**WIB**

This was the War Industries Board, and it was a United States government agency established on July 28, 1917, during World War I, to coordinate the purchase of war supplies between the War Department (Department of the Army) and the Navy Department.

**War Economy**

Completely shifting the Homefront to aid the war effort. 

**Rationing**

Limiting rations to allow for supplies to the war. 

**Selling the war/ War propaganda**

Using government sponsored propaganda to shift public view of the war.   

**Espionage and sedition acts**

The Sedition Act of 1918 curtailed the free speech rights of U.S. citizens during time of war.

League of Nations

The League of Nations was the first worldwide intergovernmental organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. 

**Long term causes of WWI**

* Mutual Defense Alliances. 
* Imperialism.
* Militarism. 
* Nationalism.
* the assassination of Franz Ferdinand

**Mobilization**

to assemble armed forces, military reserves, civilians of military age, industries, and transportation facilities, etc. into active service during a time of war.to assemble armed forces, military reserves, civilians of military age, industries, and transportation facilities, etc. into active service during a time of war.

**Appeasement**

 The name given to Britain's policy in the 1930s of allowing Hitler to expand German territory unchecked.

**Lend-Lease**

This was an act passed on March 11, 1941 that stated that the United States would be allowed to lend or lease war supplies to any nations to protect the best interest of the united States 

**Isolationism**

The idea that the United States ought to stay isolated from foreign affairs and that we ought not to intervene in affairs outside of the country. This policy is partially why the United States had a delayed entry into both world wars.  

**Pearl Harbor** 

Military post in Hawaii that was attacked by the Japanese on December 7, 1941 and was the catalyst for the United States entry into WW@

**War in Europe**

Germany were the aggressors and meant that the allies had to fight back in their backyards. This was extremely brutal and is often referred to as The European Theatre. Furthermore, it was crucial that the United States aided the allies in the European theater before they received aid in fighting back the Japanese 

**D-Day**

The Normandy landings were the landing operations and associated airborne operations on Tuesday, 6 June 1944 of the Allied invasion of Normandy in Operation Overlord during World War II. This event was extremely brutal, but this win was a tide turner for the Allies. 

**War in the Pacific** 

Often referred to as the pacific theater, it had Japan as the main aggressor and was fought back by the United States with a strategy of island hopping where the United States would take little wins at a time to regain land. 

**Japanese Internment** 

During World War II, the United States forcibly relocated and incarcerated at least 125,284 people of Japanese descent in 75 identified incarceration sites.

**Atomic Bomb**

These bombs were made by the United states through project Manhattan and created the most powerful weapons of human existence. The invention and dropping of these bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki left hundreds of thousands dead immediately, but forced Japan to quit WW2.