TTR (DEVPSY)

Typical Grief

Typical Grief

Feelings of numbness, anger, guilt, anxiety, sadness and despair; Difficulty concentrating, sleep and eating problems, loss of interest in pleasurable activities, physical problems, and even illness; Typically lessen within 6-10 weeks

Complicated Grief

Feelings of disbelief, a preoccupation with the dead loved one, distressful memories, feeling unable to move on with one’s life, and a yearning for the deceased; May last six months or longer; May be hard to distinguish from major depressive disorder; Requires examination of client’s history; More likely to occur with traumatic forms of bereavement

Disenfranchised Grief

Grief that is not socially recognized; Often associated with stigmatized situations; Losing loved ones to AIDS or suicide; Abortions; May be associated with losses not taken seriously; Death of a pet or ex-spouse; Psychological losses (e.g., partner developing Alzheimer’s disease); No formal mourning practices or recognition by others; Lack of social support may intensify symptoms

Anticipatory Grief

Grief that occurs when a death is expected; Survivors can prepare for the eventual loss; Example- Losing loved one to long-term illness; May bring feelings of relief; May cause some guilt too

Curative Care

aims to promote complete recovery; May not be a realistic goal for all situations

Palliative Care

focuses on providing comfort and relief from physical and emotional pain; Not just for terminally ill people; But may not focus on curing the patient

Hospice Care

Provides medical, psychological, and spiritual support Both to patient and to family; May be provided in home or other facility; Tries to make death as pain- and anxiety-free as possible

Euthanasia

Intentionally ending one’s life when suffering from a terminal illness or severe disability

Active Euthanasia

Intentionally causing death, usually through a lethal dose of medication

Passive Euthanasia

Withdrawing life-sustaining support

Physician Assisted Suicide

A physician prescribes the means by which a person can die; Allowed in 6 states as of 2016

Primary Aging

Age-related changes caused by biological factors Molecular and cellular factors, oxidative damage

Secondary Aging

Age-related changes caused by controllable factors Unhealthy lifestyle, lack of exercise, poor diet

Graying hair

hair follicles produce less melanin; begins 30s, depends on race/genes

Thinning hair

hair follicles produce less new hair, strands shrink; male baldness=testosterone

Skin

wrinkles, dark spots, blotchy skin (sun); skin appears droopy; skin dries and loses the underlying layer of fat

Sarcopenia

loss of muscle mass and strength occurs with aging

Lungs

thinning of bones, loss of lung expansion

Presbyopia

Difficulty focusing on close objects

Floaters

Little spots or “cobwebs” in visual field Occur when vitreous humor shrinks

Scotopic sensitivity

Ability to see in dim light and adjust to changes in light levels

Dry eye syndrome

Eye does not produce tears properly or tears evaporate too quickly

White women (menopause)

more likely to disclose psychomatic symptoms Depression, irritability, forgetfulness, and headaches

African American women (menopause)

more likely to disclose vasomotor symptoms Hot flashes, night sweats, flushing

Chinese/Japanese women (menopause)

reported fewest symptoms

Glass ceiling

Organizational discrimination that limits women’s career advancement

Job burnout

Being disillusioned/frustrated at work Lack of paid vacation, overtime pay

Alarm

Mobilization of physiological resources

Resistance

Organism attempts to cope

Exhaustion

Organism’s resources depleted

Advanced Sleep Phase Syndrome

Go to bed earlier and get up earlier; Caused by circadian rhythm changes

Insomnia

Trouble falling asleep and staying asleep

Sleep Apnea

Repeated short pauses in breathing during sleep

Restless Leg Syndrome

Tingling, crawling feeling in legs

Periodic Limb Movement Disorder

People to jerk and kick their legs every 20 to 40 seconds during sleep

Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder

Muscles move during REM sleep, and sleep is disrupted

Executive Function

Self-regulatory processes (including use of memory strategies); Improvement caused by nature and nurture

Sensory memory

(also called sensory register) Briefly stores sensory input in its raw form

Short-term memory

Where current conscious mental activity occurs

Long-term memory

Permanent

Declarative memory

(Explicit) Memories for facts or events that we can consciously recollect

Semantic memory

Facts and knowledge not tied to a timeline

Episodic memory

Tied to specific events in time

Implicit memory

Automated skills that do not require conscious recollection (Nondeclarative, Procedural)

Autobiographical memory

personal narrative

Prospective Memory

Remembering things we need to do in the future

Time-based

Remembering to do something at future time

Event- based

Remember to do something when a certain event occurs; More age-related declines for time-based prospective memories

Alzheimer's Disease

memory decline extends to personality changes, behavior problems, loss of self-care skills; caused by genetic and environmental factors; 5th leading cause of death= 65+

Remote Pre-Retirement Phase

thinking about retirement

Immediate Pre-Retirement Phase

making concrete plans

Honeymoon Phase

participate in activities

Disenchantment Phase

experience emotional let-down

Reorientation Phase

adjust to retirement

Excitement

intrinsic motivation to pursue sex arises

Plateau

sexual excitement with increased heart rate and circulation

Orgasm

release of tension

Resolution

unaroused state before the cycle begins again

Brain and Sex

Brain translates nerve impulses into pleasurable sensations

Brain (sex)

controls nerves and muscles used in sexual activity; regulates the release of hormones

Cerebral Cortex (sex)

origin of sexual thoughts and fantasies

Limbic System (sex)

origin of emotions and feelings

Hypothalamus (sex)

receives input the limbic system

Sexual Orientation

emotional and sexual attraction to a particular sex or gender

Heterosexuality

attraction of opposite sex/gender

Homosexuality

one’s own sex/gender

Bisexuality

any sex/gender

Pansexuality

nonbinary attractions

Asexuality

no sexual attraction to any sex/gender

Openness to Experience

appreciation for art, emotion, adventure, unusual ideas, imagination, curiosity, and variety of experience

Conscientiousness

show self-discipline, act dutifully, aim for achievement

Extraversion

experience positive emotions and to seek out stimulation and the company of others

Agreeableness

be compassionate and cooperative rather than suspicious and antagonistic toward others; general concern for social harmony

Neuroticism

negative emotions (anger, anxiety, depression)

Secure

easy to get close, don’t often worry about getting abandoned

Avoidant

uncomfortable being close to others, difficulty to trust, nervous when anyone gets too close

Anxious-Ambivalent

reluctant to get close, worry that partner doesn’t really love me, want to merge complete with another person, scares them away

Attachment Related Anxiety

fear of rejection or abandonment

Attachment Related Avoidance

fear of opening up, becoming dependent, losing autonomy

Secure (Anxiety and avoidance)

low avoidance, low anxiety

Dismissing Avoidant (Anxiety and avoidance)

high avoidance, low anxiety

Preoccupied (Anxiety and avoidance)

low avoidance, high anxiety

Fearful Avoidant (Anxiety and avoidance)

high avoidance, high anxiety

Passion

intense physical attraction

Intimacy

sharing feelings, personal thoughts, and psychological closeness

Commitment

conscious decision to stay together

P + I

Romantic Love

I + C

Compassionate Love

C + P

Fatuous Love

P + I + C

Consummate Love

Nonlove

if ALL components are absent

Infatuation

if only PASSION is present

Liking

if only INTIMACY is present

Empty Love

if only COMMITMENT is present

Romantic

often predominates in the early part of a love relationship.

Fatuous

kind of love that don't last despite the intent to commit.

Compassionate

physically attraction died out but decided to stay together. (long-term partners)

Consummate

complete love

Hypothetical-Deductive Reasoning

Ability, believed by Piaget, to accompany the stage of formal operations, to develop, consider and test hypotheses; Developing hypotheses based on what might logically occur

Transitivity

A relationship between two elements is carried over to other elements logically related to the first two; If A<B and B<C, then A<C