Muscles of the gluteal and thigh region

outer surface of ilium, sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament

gluteus maximus origin

iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur

gluteus maximus insertion

inferior gluteal nerve

gluteus maximus nerve supply

extends and laterally rotates hip joint; through iliotibial tract, it extends knee joint

gluteus maximus action

outer surface of ilium

gluteus medius origin

lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

gluteus medius insertion

superior gluteal nerve

gluteus medius nerve supply

abducts thigh at hip joint; tilts pelvis when walking to permit opposite leg to clear ground

gluteus medius action

outer surface of ilium

gluteus minimus origin

anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

gluteus minimus insertion

superior gluteal nerve

gluteus minimus nerve supply

abducts thigh at hip joint; tilts pelvis when walking to permit opposite leg to clear ground

gluteus minimus action

iliac crest

tensor fasciae latae origin

iliotibial tract

tensor fasciae latae insertion

superior gluteal nerve

tensor fasciae latae nerve supply

assists gluteus maximus in extending the knee joint

tensor fasciae latae action

anterior surface of sacrum

piriformis origin

Upper border of greater trochanter of femur

piriformis insertion

First and second sacral nerves

piriformis nerve supply

Lateral rotator of thigh at hip joint

piriformis action

Inner surface of obturator membrane

obturator internus origin

Upper border of greater trochanter of femur

obturator internus insertion

sacral plexus

obturator internus nerve supply

Lateral rotator of thigh at hip joint

obturator internus action

spine of ischium

gemellus superior origin

Upper border of greater trochanter of femur

gemellus superior insertion

sacral plexus

gemellus superior nerve supply

Lateral rotator of thigh at hip joint

gemellus superior action

ischial tuberosity

gemellus inferior origin

Upper border of greater trochanter of femur

gemellus inferior insertion

sacral plexus

gemellus inferior nerve supply

Lateral rotator of thigh at hip joint

gemellus inferior action

Lateral border of ischial tuberosity

quadratus femoris origin

Quadrate tubercle of femur

quadratus femoris insertion

sacral plexus

quadratus femoris nerve supply

Lateral rotator of thigh at hip joint

quadratus femoris action

Anterior superior iliac spine

sartorius origin

Upper medial surface of shaft of tibia

sartorius insertion

Femoral nerve

sartorius nerve supply

Flexes, abducts, laterally rotates thigh at hip joint; flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint

sartorius action

Iliac fossa of hip bone

iliacus origin

With psoas into lesser trochanter of femur

iliacus insertion

Femoral nerve

iliacus nerve supply

Flexes thigh on trunk; if thigh is fixed, it flexes the trunk on the thigh as in sitting up from lying down

iliacus action

Transverse processes, bodies, and intervertebral discs of the 12th thoracic and five lumbar vertebrae

psoas origin

With iliacus into lesser trochanter of femur

psoas insertion

Lumbar plexus

psoas nerve supply

Flexes thigh on trunk; if thigh is fixed, it flexes the trunk on thigh as in sitting up from lying down

psoas action

Superior ramus of pubis

pectineus origin

Upper end of linea aspera of shaft of femur

pectineus insertion

Femoral nerve

pectineus nerve supply

Flexes and adducts thigh at hip joint

pectineus action

Straight head: anterior inferior iliac spine Reflected head: ilium above acetabulum

rectus femoris origin

Quadriceps tendon into patella, then via ligamentum patellae into tubercle of tibia

rectus femoris insertion

Femoral nerve

rectus femoris nerve supply

Extension of leg at knee joint; flexes thigh at hip joint

rectus femoris action

Upper end and shaft of femur

vastus lateralis origin

Quadriceps tendon into patella, then via ligamentum patellae into tubercle of tibia

vastus lateralis insertion

Femoral nerve

vastus lateralis nerve supply

Extension of leg at knee joint

vastus lateralis action

Upper end and shaft of femur

vastus medialis origin

Quadriceps tendon into patella, then via ligamentum patellae into tubercle of tibia

vastus medialis insertion

Femoral nerve

vastus medialis nerve supply

Extension of leg at knee joint; stabilizes patella

vastus medialis action

Anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur

vastus intermedius origin

Quadriceps tendon into patella, then via ligamentum patellae into tubercle of tibia

vastus intermedius insertion

Femoral nerve

vastus intermedius nerve supply

Extension of leg at knee joint; articularis genus retracts synovial membrane

vastus intermedius action

Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium

gracilis origin

Upper part of shaft of tibia on medial surface

gracilis insertion

Obturator nerve

gracilis nerve supply

Adducts thigh at hip joint; flexes leg at knee joint

gracilis action

Body of pubis, medial to pubic tubercle

adductor longus origin

Posterior surface of shaft of femur (linea aspera)

adductor longus insertion

Obturator nerve

adductor longus nerve supply

Adducts thigh at hip joint and assists in lateral rotation

adductor longus action

Inferior ramus of pubis

adductor brevis origin

Posterior surface of shaft of femur (linea aspera)

adductor brevis insertion

Obturator nerve

adductor brevis nerve supply

Adducts thigh at hip joint and assists in lateral rotation

adductor brevis action

Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium, ischial tuberosity

adductor magnus origin

Posterior surface of shaft of femur, adductor tubercle of femur

adductor magnus insertion

Adductor portion: obturator nerve Hamstring portion: sciatic nerve

adductor magnus nerve supply

Adducts thigh at hip joint and assists in lateral rotation; hamstring portion extends thigh at hip joint

adductor magnus action

Outer surface of obturator membrane and pubic and ischial rami

obturator externus origin

Medial surface of greater trochanter

obturator externus insertion

Obturator nerve

obturator externus nerve supply

Laterally rotates thigh at hip joint

obturator externus action

Long head: ischial tuberosity

biceps femoris long head origin

Short head: linea aspera, lateral supracondylar ridge of shaft of femur

biceps femoris short head origin

Head of fibula

biceps femoris insertion

Long head: tibial portion of sciatic nerve

biceps femoris long head nerve supply

Short head: common peroneal portion of sciatic nerve

biceps femoris short head nerve supply

Flexes and laterally rotates leg at knee joint; long head also extends thigh at hip joint

biceps femoris action

Ischial tuberosity

semitendinosus origin

Upper part of medial surface of shaft of tibia

semitendinosus insertion

Tibial portion of sciatic nerve

semitendinosus nerve supply

Flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint; extends thigh at hip joint

semitendinosus action

Ischial tuberosity

semimembranosus origin

Medial condyle of tibia

semimembranosus insertion