Organic Chemistry 2 Activating and Deactivating Groups

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9 Terms

1
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Amines: -NH2 (1), -NHR(2), -NR2 (3), -OH, -OR

Strongly activating

Ortho-Para

<p>Strongly activating </p><p>Ortho-Para </p>
2
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NHCOR (amide), NHCOAr ,OCOR (ester)actually attached to O not to the carbonyl , OCOAr

Moderately Activating

Ortho-Para

<p>Moderately Activating</p><p>Ortho-Para </p><p></p>
3
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-R, - Benzene (Alkyl groups, aryl groups)

Weakly Activating

Ortho-Para

<p>Weakly Activating </p><p>Ortho-Para </p>
4
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Halogens (F, Cl, Br, I)

Weakly deactivating

Ortho-Para

<p>Weakly deactivating</p><p>Ortho-Para </p>
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COH, COR, COOR actually attached to the carbonyl , COOH

Moderately deactivating

Meta

<p>Moderately deactivating</p><p>Meta</p>
6
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-CN, -SO3H, -NO2, -NH3+, CONH2, -CF3, -CCl3

Strongly deactivating

Meta

7
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Nucleophilicity Decreases

Strong act, mod act, weak act, weak deact, mod deact, strong deact

8
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Activating Group

Donate e- (by electron density or resonance)

9
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Deactivating Group

Withdraws electrons (by e- density or resonance)