CH 13 Drugs for the urinary system

Which of the following procedures uses a radiopaque dye and x-rays to visualize the kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, and bladder?

intravenous pyelogram

The severe impairment or total lack of kidney function is referred to as

renal failure.

If an individual voids less than 100 mL of urine in 24 hours then the individual is experiencing which condition?

anuria

The presence of protein in the urine may indicate an individual is experiencing which condition?

renal disease

How many mL of urine do the kidneys produce in a 24-hour period?

1500 to 2000 mL

Which of the following terms describes a pH of greater than 7.0?

alkalosis

How many mL urine will the walls of the bladder in healthy adults hold?

600

Which of the following terms describes difficult or painful urination?

dysuria

Normally, urine is amber- or straw-colored, and clear. How does urine appear if it is permitted to stand for a period of time?

cloudy

Which of the following terms describes the functional unit of the kidney?

nephron

A patient diagnosed with edema would be prescribed which of the following to cause the kidneys to excrete more urine?

diuretics

Which of the following terms is used to describe the act of urination?

voiding

Which classification does calcium gluconate belong?

replacement electrolytes

Which of the following conditions is Tolterodine ( Detrol) the drug of choice?

overactive bladder

Which of the following terms describes feeling a great urge to urinate even when the bladder is empty?

urgency

Which of the following terms describes a technique that moves substances from the blood through a semipermeable membrane that is used to correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances and remove waste products in case of kidney failure?

dialysis

Which of the following statements is true?

Urine contains 95 percent water and 5 percent solutes.

The ureter, the bladder, and the urethra are collectively termed the organs of

elimination.

Nutrient-based solutions, such as Pedialyte, are used in which of the following types of therapies?

oral rehydration therapy

Which of the following are sodium chloride and dextrose solutions indicated?

replacement fluids

Which of the following conditions may be indicated by a high specific gravity?

dehydration

Which of the following conditions may have symptoms that include swollen arms and legs and, possibly, a swollen abdomen?

edema

Which of the following statements is not true about the management of pediatric dehydration?

Avoid low-sodium, water, breast milk, and half-strength or lactose-free formulas.

Which classification does Furosemide ( Lasix) belong?

diuretic

Which of the following is a side effect of too low a level of potassium resulting in fatigue, muscle weakness, and cardiac changes such as disturbances in the electrical impulses that stimulate the heartbeat?

hypokalemia

Which of the following terms describes having to urinate very often?

frequency

The presence of white blood cells (WBCs) in the urine may indicate which condition?

infection

All of the following are functions of the urinary system except

producing adrenalin in response to stress.

Which of the following terms describes the passing of a rubber or plastic tube through the urethra into the bladder to allow the bladder to empty?

catheterization

A patient prescribed a thiazide diuretic may experience which side effect?

potassium loss

Which of the following imbalances may occur secondary to kidney malfunction, improper diets, or unusual physical activity?

fluid-electrolyte

Which of the following terms means there is pus in the urine?

pyuria

A kidney that does not work properly fails to eliminate drugs as expected, and the drugs accumulate in the body with each dose; therefore, the patient must be watched closely for drug __________ whenever there is suspected problems with the kidneys.

toxicity

Which condition may a woman prevent if she is instructed to wipe from front to back?

urinary tract infection (UTI)

Which of the following conditions could be treated using lithotripsy?

kidney stones

Which of the following terms describes a procedure used to provide direct visualization of the interior of the bladder?

cystoscopy

The inability to completely empty the bladder is referred to as which condition?

A scale used in measuring acidity and alkalinity of fluid is known as

pH.

Eating a diet rich in potassium, calcium, sodium, and magnesium may replace which of the following in the body?

electrolytes

When the kidneys are diseased, the body may not be able to maintain a balance between intake and output, and it is sometimes necessary to keep track of the intake and output of

fluids.

A vomiting patient who loses too much water may be prescribed which of the following?

IV fluids

Which of the following terms describes a condition that is caused by uncontrolled contraction or overactivity of the detrusor muscle?

urge incontinence

Nausea, thirst, fatigue, dry mouth, muscle weakness, and an irregular pulse are signs of which of the following conditions?

electrolyte imbalance

Which body systems share the urethra in a male?

reproductive; urinary

A common side effect of medications prescribed to treat urinary tract infections is

urine discoloration.

The presence of glucose in the urine is a symptom of which disease?

diabetes mellitus

Which of the following terms means there is blood in the urine?

hematuria

Which of the following terms describes the inability to control urination?

incontinence

Which of the following terms describes decreased urine output of 100 to 400 mL in a 24-hour period

oliguria

Which of the following terms describes urine remaining in the bladder after voiding?

residual urine

Which of the following terms describes the accumulation of nitrogenous waste products in the blood secondary to renal failure?

azotemia

Which of the following may be found upon urinalysis if the patient has experienced trauma to the urinary system?

red blood cells (RBCs)

An infection of the kidneys is called

pyelonephritis.

Which of the following terms describes an abnormal accumulation of fluids in the interstitial spaces of the tissues?

edema

The average adult contains which percentage of water in their body?

50-60 percent

Which of the following terms describes excessive loss of water from the tissues?

dehydration

What volume of urine is voided at one time?

250 mL