Studied by 1 personwhat is the order of human structures?
cell
tissues
organs
organ systems
organism
what are the four types of tissue/cells in humans?
connective tissue
epithelial tissue
muscle tissue
nervous tissue
epithelial tissue (epithelium)
Structure: Sheets of tightly packed cells
Examples: Skin, lining of digestive system
Function: protection and lining
what does the Epithelial Tissue look like?
nerve tissue
Structure: Long, thin cells that transmit electrical impulses
Examples: brain, nerves
Function: sensing environment, communication, coordination
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what does the nervous tissue look like
3 types of nerve cells
Sensory Neurons
Motor Neurons
Interneurons
sensory neurons
carries information from body to brain or spinal cord
motor neurons
carries information from brain or spinal cord to another body part
interneurons
connects sensory and motor neurons
connective tissue
Structure: Composed of different types of cells that support and protect and connect the body’s organs
Examples: bone, blood
Function: support, insulation
what does the connective tissue look like
muscle tissue
Structure: Bundles of long cells that can shorten or contract
Examples: Heart, hamstrings, biceps, digestive system
Function: movement
what does the muscle tissue look like?
skeletal muscle
Striated (striped)
Used for voluntary movement
cardiac muscle
Striated (striped)
Used for involuntary movement
Causes heart to pump
smooth muscle
Not striped
Used for involuntary movement
Lines circulatory and digestive system
stem cell
an undifferentiated cell that can divide to form specialized cells
cellular differentiation
cells that develop in different ways to perform particular functions in a process
what does every cell in your body originally come from?
a small group of stem cell
what does scientists believe studying stem cells will do?
they believe the stem cells may be used to treat injuries and diseases by regenerating organs
what are stem cells capable of doing in the human body?
they capable of becoming any cell in the human body
Stem cell 🡪 unspecialized cell
can form specialized cells when exposed to proper environmental conditions, or they can remain unspecialized and actively divide for long periods of time
what are the two types of stem cells?
embryonic and tissue
embryonic stem cells
are found in the embryo and are able to differentiate into other cell types
tissue stem cells
are involved in the replacement of damaged tissue
Example location of tissue stem cells: skin, blood, neural tissue
cord blood cell banking
It is possible to harvest a few stem cells from the blood in the umbilical cord
These cells are similar to tissue stem cells and the blood containing them can be “banked” for future use.
what are the four stages of processing food?
ingestion
digestion
absorption
elimination
mechanical/chemical break down of food into smaller units is what?
digestion
absorption
taking in nutrients into the blood stream
removal of waste is?
elimination
what is considered eating?
ingestion, the taking in of nutrients
digestive tract
a long tube in the body with two ends
in humans: mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine and anus
what does the mucus do?
allows material to pass smoothly and protects the tube from digestive enzymes
what is the length of the digestive tract lined with?
the epithelial tissue which secrete mucus via goblet cells
layers of muscle tissue and nerve cells are also included in?
the digestive tube
Note
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