ATP and Enzymes Vocabulary

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Flashcards from lecture notes on ATP and Enzymes.

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15 Terms

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ATP

A substance that receives energy from energy yielding reactions and gives energy to reactions that require energy.

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Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

The molecule in cells used for energy transfer.

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Myosin ATPase reaction

The reaction involving myosin and ATP in muscle contraction.

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ATPase

Enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of ATP

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Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR)

The re-uptake of Ca+2 into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, requiring ATP.

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Adenylate Kinase (Myokinase)

An enzyme that removes ADP.

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Enzymes

An enzyme that can be reused, and dramatically affected by pH and temperature.

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ADP Accumulation

During vigorous exercise, ADP accumulates but can be removed in various metabolic pathways, such as ATP resynthesis from 2 ADP. ADP + ADP  ATP +AMP

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Adenylate Kinase

The enzyme that catalyzes the reaction ADP + ADP  ATP +AMP

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Anaerobic glycolysis

A metabolic process important for initial exercise, type IIb muscle fibers, and when ATP demand exceeds aerobic production.

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Glycolysis

Enzyme important under 3 conditions: important for all muscles in the initial period of exercise before exercise stimulated increase in blood flow occurs which increases O2 supply to muscles; Important for the provision of energy for chemical work for type IIb muscle fibers; Important when the ATP demand exceeds the maximum rate of aerobic ATP production

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Blood lactate level

The level where there is a balance between lactate production and removal.

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Lactate threshold (LT)

Blood lactate kinetic is assessed during progressive exercise test conducted to maximum

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Exercise Intensities <= LT

During exercise intensities < or = Lt, Exercise can be sustained for long periods of time, Main limiting factor = substrate availability

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Right shift of the curve after endurance training

Indicates changes in muscle characteristics; Improvement in lactate removal and oxidation; LT determination is interesting for training follow-up.