Carbohydrates,Proteins,Lipids Nucleic Acids

Carbohydrates

Building block molecules=sugars

Functions of Carbohydrates

quick energy

energy storage

structure

Types of sugars

glucose

fructose

sucrose

maltose

Proteins

multipurpose molecules

Proteins Functions

hormones signals from one body system to another

insulin

movement

muscle

immmune system

protect against germs

enzymes

help chemical reactions

Proteins buliding block?

Amino Acids

20 different amino acids

Amino Acids

Are chained into a polymer

Some "like" water dissolve in it

Some "fear" water & separate from it

Water Fearing Amino Acids

Hydrophobic try to get away from water in the cell

Water Loving Amino Acids

Hydrophillic try to stay in water in cell

Lipids

Concentrated energy molecule

Lipids functions

enery storage

very concentrated

twice the energy as carbohydrates

celll membrane

insultes the body

cushions the organs

Saturated fats

most animal fats

solid at room temperature

contributes to heart disease

Unsaturated fats

plant,vegetables,fruits

liquid at room temperature

better for you than saturated fats

Cholesterol

good molecule in cell membranes

makes hormones from it

too much can be bad

Nucleic Acids

Inforamation Molecule

include DNA and RNA

Nucleic Acid Functions

genetic material stores information

genes

blueprint for building protenis

transfers inforamtion

Nucleotides

there are 5 different nucleotides and different nitrogen bases

A,T,C,G,U

Water

is a polar due to its unequal distribution of electrons

Perodic Table of Elements

Shows the atomic numbers and shows the mass

Properties of Water

ice is less dense than liquid water

Good solvent-dissolves charged plus polar molecules

high heat of vaporization

Carbohydartes elements

C,H,O

Lipids elements

C,H,O

Nucleic Acids Elements

C,H,O,N and P(phosphorous)

Proteins elements

Carbohydrates,Hydrogen,Oxygen,Nitrogen plus sometimes Sulfur