Study Guide - Age of Exploration (World History 9)

Mr. Keller

1. How did the Japanese respond to Christianity?

They were eager to learn about Christianity

2. What did Japanese leaders think about Christian missionaries?

Japanese leaders worried about the power of foreign missionaries

3. Which country tried to find a sea route to the Indies by going west?

Spain

4. Name the islands where spices came from.

The Spice Islands

5. Before the Age of Exploration, how did spices get to Europe?

Southeast Asia -> Muslims traders -> Italian traders -> rest of Europe

6. What causes the disease scurvy?

Lack of vitamin C

7. What is a weakness of a Mercator projection map?

It makes Greenland look bigger than South America

8. Why would someone go on a sea voyage to get spices?

Get rich

9. What was Magellan the first to do?

Circumnavigate the globe

10. What did Columbus discover?

The West Indies

11. The Line of Demarcation was designed to keep which two countries from fighting?

Spain and Portugal

12. What did the Laws of the Indies do?

Outlawed the encomienda system (forced labor from Native Americans)

13. What made the Laws of the Indies difficult to enforce?

Spain was far away from its colonies

14. What did Las Casas try to do?

End the enslavement of Native Americans

15. What did Spain see as being equally important as gaining land?

Winning souls for Christianity

16. Which navigational device is used to determine direction?

magnetic compass

17. Which navigational device is used to determine the latitude of a ship (it replaced the astrolabe)?

sextant

18. Which European country was the first to send ships to India?

Portugal

19. Why did Europeans want to find a new trading route to Asia?

They wanted to cut out Muslim and Italian middlemen

20. What are two weaknesses of the magnetic compass?

• Iron on a ship can cause it to give false readings

• It points towards magnetic north not true north

21. How did India respond to European traders?

They let them build trading posts and forts

22. How did China respond to European traders?

They tried to isolate themselves from Europeans

23. Why were the Chinese uninterested in trading with Europeans?

European goods were inferior to Chinese goods

24. Why was isolation from the West a mistake for East Asian countries?

They didn't learn about advances in military technology

25. What is name of the country in South America that was controlled by Portugal?

Brazil

26. Which is another name for China?

The Middle Kingdom

27. What happened to 95% of the Native Americans in the New World?

They died from European diseases

28. Why did Europeans have many deadly disease and Native Americans did not?

• Contagious diseases in people evolved from animal diseases

• Indians had not been exposed to contagious diseases because they had no livestock

29. Why did the Spanish bring Africans to the New World?

To fill the labor shortage

30. The trade restrictions Spain placed on its colonies is part of which system?

Mercantilism

31. Were Spanish colonies allowed to trade with each other?

No, they were only allowed to trade with Spain

32. What is the name of the top level of Spanish society in the colonies?

Peninsulares

33. The word peon describes the treatment of which group?

Native Americans

34. What is a viceroy?

Governor of a colony (representative of the king)

35. How did viceroys get their jobs?

They were appointed by the king

36. What impact did the gold and silver, brought from the New World, have on Spain?

It caused inflation

37. What impact did Spain's religious intolerance have on its economy?

It caused educated Jews and Muslims to leave hurting the economy

38. During the Age of Exploration, what important decision did Japan make that kept it from getting taken over by European countries?

Isolated themselves from foreigners

conqueror of the Aztecs

Hernan Cortes

conqueror of the Incas

Francisco Pizarro

leader of the Aztecs

Moctezuma

leader of the Incas

Atahualpa

Spanish conquerors

conquistadors

Indian woman translator

Malinche

Aztec god

Quetzalcoatl

capital of the Aztec Empire

Tenochtitlan

Are TOMATOES from the New or Old world?

New World

Are POTATOES from the New or Old world?

New World

Is CORN from the New or Old world?

New World

Is COFFEE from the New or Old world?

Old World

Is SMALL POX from the New or Old world?

Old World

Are GRAPES from the New or Old world?

Old World

Are HORSES from the New or Old world?

Old World

Is TOBACCO from the New or Old world?

New World