SAC 1 REVISION FRIDAY

What is the absolute location of Greenland?

71.7069° N, 42.6043° W

What is the relative location of Greenland?

In the north Atlantic ocean off the northeastern coast of Canada.

What continent is Greenland geologically apart of?

North America

What is the distribution of the population of Greenland?

Concentrated mainly on the southwest coast

What is the population density of Greenland?

0.14 people per square km

What’s Greenland’s population?

56,000

What are the major cities of Greenland?

Nuuk, Sisimiut, Ilulissat

What are facts about the Greenland economy

It’s self govern

GDP - $3.23B

What does Greenland export?

Fish, animal products, precious stones

With Denmark, china, uk

What does Greenland import?

Refined petroleum, aircraft, clothes

With Denmark, Sweden, France, Iceland, Canada

What is the size of Greenland?

1.71 million km²

How much of Greenland is ice?

80%

What is the average thickness of ice?

2km

What’s the maximum thickness of ice in Greenland?

Over 3km

Where is the thickest section of ice in Greenland?

Central east

30 million cubic kilometers

How much of the earths ice does Greenland have?

10%

What percentage of the worlds freshwater does Greenland have?

10%

What is Greenland’s ice per square km?

1.7 per km²

What is the length of Greenland ↕?

2,670km from north to south

What is the length of Greenland <=>

1,050 km from east to west

How many glaciers does Greenland have?

215

Define land cover

physical land type such as biomes

What does land cover differ from land use

Land use documents how people are using the land such as farming, industry,

What does it mean to describe and contrast?

Describe: Provide Characteristics, explain

Contrast: Differences between the thing

How have humans impacted climate change?

• Sped up already warming climate / natural greenhouse gas effect

What are causes of human induced climate change

- burning fossil fuels

- deforestation

-industrial processes = increase greenhouse gas emissions and alter natural ecosystem

What is the link between climate change and land cover in Greenland

- effects of rising temperatures on ice melt

-shifts in vegetation, which can impact local ecosystems and global sea level

What is one issue that is happening in greenland

What is one challence that is happening in greenland

How to evaluate the effectiveness of a global response to melting glaciers and ice sheets

Assessing policies, tracking ice loss, and measuring climate impacts.

What are the different features of a glacier

Horn

Arete

Terminal moraine

maternal moraine

Cirque

Calving

What are natural processes causing melting ice sheets and glaciers

• increase in global temperatures (increased by at least .94 degrees since 1880)

  results in ice retreat

• variation in solar energy

  not constant

• volcanic activity

  significant amts of dust & gas put into air

  causes warming and cooling

• plate tectonics

  redistribution of and masses

  changes in sunlight reflection and ocean heat balance

  long term process

What are human processes causing melting ice sheets and glaciers

• alteration of landscapes

  changes in albedo (light refraction)

  urbanization

  clearance of forests

  changes in soil moisture

• alteration in composition (population)

  60% of all emissions come from cities

  emissions come from deforestation

What are current land cover changes happening

Deforestation

Melting ice sheets and glaciers

Floods, fires

pests

plant succession

What are impacts of land cover change on the environment in Greenland

• water salinity changing from glacier meltwater

• more land for agriculture (number of farms decreased )

• soil is not good quality because of lack of nutrients

What are impacts of land cover change on the economy of greenland

• Warmer water bought different species of fish = increase in fishing industry

• larger companies have adapted better than small, independent companies

• small companies struggle to buy new equipment (bigger boats, processing machinery, crab pots, trawlers

• Fishing exports have grown from US 138m in 1980 to 470m in 2014 (34)

What are impacts of land cover change on greenland, socially

• changing diets

  imported food are replacing foods like seal & whale

  native fish are leaving because of the increase of freshwater from melting glaciers

• people leaving

  for education

  better job offers

  aged between 15-25

  mostly women

• people moving to cities

  habitable cities are being flooded

  more jobs available

What are geospatial technologies used to access and manage the land cover changes

PROMICE (organization)

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS)

Geographic information systems (GIS)

Remote Sensing

How effective are geographic technologies when being used to assess and manage land cover changes?

PROMICE

manage -provides data to scientists for their studies

types of tech: RADAR, LiDAR, remote sensing)

long term solution to find weaknesses within the ice sheet

will be used far into the future, accessible, easily adaptable

always relate ability to assess nd manage at end

Identify and describe the spatial distribution of the present-day world land cover

forest 31% unequally distributed, temperate & tropical regions

grassland 40% clusters, between deserts and forests

tundra 10% all found 60 north, in & close to polar regions

barelands 35% uneven & sparse

wetlands 6% below arctic and tropical regions

what are processes of melting ice sheets and glaciers

• accumulation

• Ablation

• surface melt

• calving

what are causes of melting glaciers and ice sheets

• rising global temperatures

• ocean warming

• greenhouse gas emissions

• ice shelf thinning

What does SAFFEIT stand for

sustainability -future, offers

Affordability

Fairness -all groups, distribution

Flexibility -adaptable?

Efficiency -good solution

Incentive -for other communities

Timescale -short or long term?