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I KNOW IT IS A LOT. Also, still not done and it very light, I tried to put most of the information but for more in-dept please see knows with same title.
Who started with Communities when he left, leading to the formation of leaders?
St. Paul
Who was the primary person to spread the message towards the Gentiles?
St. Paul
Why are St. Paul's early writings considered important?
They provide a glimpse into the struggles and concerns of the early Church.
What was Paul's approach to the acceptance of Gentiles by the Jewish people?
The Jewish people were very stubborn in accepting the Gentiles so he worked to make the Jewish religion not as exclusive and allowed in Christians.
How did Paul work to unify scattered communities?
He wrote letters to keep them focused on Jesus and provide moral guidance.
What labels did Paul remove to promote unity among believers?
Paul took away the Jew and Gentile labels, promoting the identity of being Christian.
How did Paul help communities that moved away from Jesus?
He would reorient them through his writing after they had a blasphemer.
What role did Paul play in the Gospel for many communities?
He was the main source of the Gospel, providing a consistent voice.
How did Paul connect his teachings to the Apostles?
He would always connect back to the roots of the Apostles to show they were the main leaders.
What did Paul do when the Apostles needed money?
He would start to take up a collection to help the Church.
What was a possible outcome of Paul's collections?
It could lead to collections for Mass.
What did Paul address in relation to disciples?
He showed them the new Christian disciple instead of the Jewish one.
How did Paul change the approach to clothing and prayer time for disciples?
He emphasized that it would not be stringent, but the love of God was required.
What did Paul explain about living out the faith?
He very firmly explained how you should live out the faith and prayer.
Who was martyred during the reign of Trajan?
Ignatius of Antioch
What title is associated with Ignatius of Antioch?
Bearer of God
What role did Ignatius of Antioch play in the early church?
Witness to the truth martyr
What key concepts did Ignatius of Antioch support?
Bishops, unity, Eucharist, and the term 'Catholic Church'
Who was the first to use the phrase 'Catholic Church'?
Ignatius of Antioch
What was Ignatius of Antioch's relationship with the Bishop of Rome?
He emphasized that the church should listen to him and unite around him.
What belief did Ignatius of Antioch hold regarding the Eucharist?
That Christ is truly present in the Eucharist.
What did Ignatius of Antioch do when he was martyred?
He did not try to stop his martyrdom and continued to send letters to Rome.
Who died during the persecution of Aurelius?
St. Justin Martyr
What role did St. Justin Martyr serve in the Church?
Apologist
What did St. Justin Martyr write to the Roman officials?
He explained that Christians are good citizens and pay their taxes.
How did St. Justin Martyr use Greek philosophy in his writings?
He tried to explain Christianity to Roman officials using Greek philosophy.
What did St. Justin Martyr speak out against?
False descriptions of Christianity.
What did St. Justin Martyr argue about Christianity in relation to philosophy?
He argued that Christianity is the fulfillment of the relationship that philosophy cannot provide.
Who was St. Ambrose?
Bishop of Milan by popular demand (3rd C)
What was St. Ambrose known for regarding the church's independence?
He was a defender of the independence of the church and one of the most influential figures in the empire and church.
How did St. Ambrose respond to Emperor Theodosius's actions?
He stood up to Theodosius, making him repent after he ordered the destruction of a city that resulted in killings.
What heresy did St. Ambrose fight against?
He fought the Arian Heresy and made them remove a pagan altar.
Who did St. Ambrose baptize?
St. Augustine
What title is St. Ambrose known by?
Church Father
Who is St. Jerome?
A Church Father known for his biblical translations.
What is St. Jerome's character described as?
Rough
What significant work did St. Jerome do?
Translated the Bible from Hebrew and Greek into Latin.
Why did St. Jerome fear writing in Greek?
He feared it would take him away from the Church. As that was the language of Pagan
Where did St. Jerome live that gave him access to early biblical texts?
Jerusalem
What is notable about St. Jerome's translations?
He was the first to translate the Bible for the Western Church.
Who was the first Pope?
St. Peter
What role did St. Peter have among the Apostles?
He was the leader of the Apostles.
Which book of the Bible has significant content about St. Peter?
The Acts of the Apostles.
How was St. Peter selected for his role?
He was selected directly by Jesus.
What significant event happened to St. Peter in Rome?
He was crucified upside down.
Why is Rome considered the center of the Catholic Church?
St. Peter's martyrdom and leadership established a unifying head of the Church.
Who was the writer of 1 Clement?
Pope St. Clement
What was one of Pope St. Clement's main concerns regarding church structure?
He did not want people to kick out their Bishops as it affected God's plan and he was very focused on apostolic succession.
What does Pope St. Clement's actions suggest about the Bishop of Rome?
The Bishop of Rome is knowledgeable and addresses problems, indicating they have the most power.
What is St. Augustine known for in relation to dogmatic heresies?
He fought against dogmatic heresies.
What significant transformation did St. Augustine undergo?
He converted from a sinner to a saint.
What was the impact of St. Augustine's teachings?
His teachings had a large theological impact and development.
What key concepts did St. Augustine contribute to theology?
He contributed concepts such as conversion away from sin, just war, grace, original sin, and arguments against heresy.
How did St. Augustine define evil?
Evil is the absence of good.
What period is St. Augustine considered the 'greatest' Father of the Church?
From 300 to 1200 AD.
How was St. Augustine referenced in later works?
He was frequently quoted in the Catechism of the Catholic Church (CCC) and by Thomas Aquinas.
Where did St. Augustine start his life?
He started his life in North Africa.
What was St. Augustine's early life like?
He was known as a wild child before becoming a bishop.
What was St. Augustine's attitude towards his intelligence?
He was very smart but also full of himself while seeking the truth.
Who did St. Augustine meet that influenced his conversion?
He met St. Ambrose, who was his intellectual equal.
What struggle did St. Augustine face before his conversion?
He struggled with lust and found it impossible to avoid sin without God.
What led to St. Augustine's conversion to Catholicism?
He found a passage from St. Paul that emphasized the need for God.
What position did St. Augustine hold after his conversion?
He became a bishop.
Who was the chief defender of Christian orthodoxy against Arianism in the 4th century?
St. Athanasius
What role did St. Athanasius have at the Council of Nicea?
He attended as a deacon.
What position did St. Athanasius succeed after training under his bishop?
He succeeded the Bishop he was training under.
What happened to St. Athanasius during his life?
He was exiled because he stood up the the emperor in the East and the emperor supported Arianism.
Why did St. Benedict become a hermit?
He was shocked by the sin of Rome.
What is St. Benedict known for in monasticism?
He is considered the most important monk.
What was St. Benedict's saying?
Ora et labora, which means 'Prayer and work.'
What did St. Benedict's rules for monasteries emphasize?
Community life and a moderate lifestyle.
What did St. Benedict encourage among his followers?
People sought his guidance and wanted to live with him.
Who started formal communities of monasteries?
He was the one to start formal communities
Who is the head of a monastery?
Abbot
What role did the Bishop have in relation to the Abbot?
The Bishop was the formal head but shared power with the Abbot.
What was the health of the Church linked to?
The health of the Monasteries
What rule was adopted by the West as a guide for monasteries?
The Rule of St. Benedict
What was the chief aim of monasteries according to the Rule of St. Benedict?
To give praise and glory to God
Why was the Rule of St. Benedict significant in its time?
It was an example of literature when there was not a lot of writing.
What was the main aim of how monks lived?
Chief aim: give praise and glory to God
What was Nero's reputation before he became a tyrant?
He was popular before he became crazy and a tyrant/paranoid.
What significant event occurred in Rome in 64 AD that involved Nero?
There was a great fire in Rome in 64 AD.
Who did Nero scapegoat for the Great Fire of Rome?
He scapegoated the Christians.
What precedent did Nero set by scapegoating the Christians?
He set a precedent to persecute Christians.
What accusation did Nero make against Christians?
He accused them of 'hating the human race.'
Which two prominent apostles were killed under Nero's reign?
Peter and Paul.
What was one of Nero's actions towards Christians?
He tried to exterminate the Christians.
What was Diocletian's approach to Christianity?
He was initially tolerant but later became the most destructive persecutor of Christians.
When did Diocletian start the greatest persecution of Christians?
303 AD
What significant administrative change did Diocletian implement in the Roman Empire?
He split the empire into different areas and allowed subordinates to manage them.
What concern did Diocletian have regarding the management of the empire?
He was worried about his inability to control it and issues related to succession.
Diocletian 2
Other mini-emperors of their own regions would persecute Christians to "Get on the good side" of him He was harsher on the East he force people to convert away from Christianity or die
people in the Army did not know if they wanted to fight because of faith so just killed → the army was scared people would just walk away from the battle Most violent He also burned a lot of writing and destroyed that part of history destroyed churches Martyrdom of St. Agnes (Sent to a brothel then killed for not wanting to be married)
Who was Julian the Apostate?
He was a Roman emperor known for his opposition to Christianity.
What was Julian the Apostate's religious background?
He was initially a baptized Christian.
What did Julian the Apostate do after taking power?
He persecuted Christians.
What was Julian the Apostate's goal regarding paganism?
He wanted to restore the Pagan religion for control.
How did Julian the Apostate attempt to spread paganism?
He used elements of Christianity to promote pagan beliefs.
What fear did Julian the Apostate reignite among Christians?
He reignited the fear of possible persecutions.
What restrictions did Julian the Apostate impose on Christian education?
He restricted the teaching of Christian literature.
What financial action did Julian the Apostate take against Christians?
He pulled financial support from Christian institutions.
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