History Final

Aristotle

The argument that people form governments by their very nature was written by?

Politics

Aristotle wrote?

The Republic

Ideal government should be run by philosopher-kings was argues in?

Plato

The Republic is written by?

Government-run by kings/ royal family

Monarchy?

Rule of the people

Democracy?

Rule by a group

Oligarchy?

A Greek city-state that could be ruled in many ways including democracy and oligarchy.

Polis

Condemned to death for “corrupting the youth of Athens“

Socrates

Displayed extremes hubris by bragging of her children only to then see them all slaughtered by the gods Apollo and Artemis

Niobe

Queen of the Underwood, she rules the Hades for seven months of each year.

Persephone

The older son of Creon who was killed in battle by the forces of Polynices.

Megarus

Locked up in a tower, she was impregnated by Zeus who visited her disguised as a shower of gold. She is the mother of Perseus.

Danaë

The French revolutionary government during the Reign of Terror.

The Committee of Public Safety was

4) The Whisky Act

The following was NOT one of the British-imposed acts leading up to the American Revolution

1. The Stamp Act

2. The Intolerable Act

3. The Sugar Act

4. The Whisky Act

The English Bill of Rights

Created a constitutional monarchy in England

The Bastille

What was a symbol of royal tyranny in France?

Oliver Cromwell

Who was the Member of Parliament who became the leader of the British Commonwealth?

Charles l

Who was the King of England who was put on trial by Parliament and sentenced to death at the end of the English Civil War?

Maximilian Robespierre

Who was the president of the National Convention and leader of the Committee of Public Safety?

James ll

Who was the catholic king of England who was deposed by Parliament as part of the Glorious Revolution?

Jean-Paul Marat

Who was the author of the bloodthirsty newspaper Friend of the People?

The fearsome Fishwomen of Paris

Who was the March on Versailles led by?

He was married to the daughter of James lll

Why did William the lll become king of England?

The Glorious Revolution

What was the passage of power to William and Mary known as?

Absolutism

What was the Divine Right of Kings a doctrine about?

Parliament

Who of the following was not a believer in The Divine Right of Kings?

Parliament in England after the English Civil War

The Commonwealth was an experimental state run by?

The other 97% of the French population, including the middle and lower class

The Third Estate in France was entirely composed of what part of the population?

Citizens are the ones who should govern

Popular Sovereignty

3. Russia

Following is NOT a communist state?

1. Vietnam

2. China

3. Russia

4. Cuba

5. North Korea

There has never been a successful communist revolution

True communism has never existed because?

High Demand, Low Supply

Higher Prices are due to?

Low Demand, High Supply

Lower Prices are due to?

Great Britain

The Factory Act of 1833 made it illegal to hire children under nine years old in what country?

Enlightenment thinker, Adam Smith

The Wealth of Nations was written by?

An economic thinker who wrote most of the Communist Manifesto

Karl Marx was?

They triggered a massive migration of people to cities

What was the main impact of the Enclosure Acts?

A reduction in the manufacturing section, combined with an increase in the service industry.

What changes did the Industrial revolution NOT see?

Child Labour Laws

What were some of the first political reforms in the Industrial Revolution?

Joint ventures

What is not associated with unionization?

Superior military technology

Historians have argued that the most important advantage the West had over peoples they conquered was:

Independence movements based on Western ideals

Not an immediate effect of imperialism?

1. An Indian Soldier’s loyalty to Queen Victoria

Following that is NOT an example of Nationalism:

1. An Indian Soldier’s loyalty to Queen Victoria

2. Otto von Bismarck’s desire to create a country for ethnic Germans

3. Karl Pearson’s desire to keep England only for the Anglo-Saxons

4. The separation of Muslim Pakistan from Hindu India

The belief that humans ought to be bred selectively to enhance certain preferred characteristics

Eugenics?

False

True or False: Race has always been a way humans have divided themselves.

Hawaii

An example fo American Imperialism

Industrialized nations wanted to compete with non-western countries to make capitalism stronger (according to Adam Smith)

One way that the Industrial Revolution wasn’t a driver of imperialism was:

Restricted the German army, created reparations Germany was forced to pay Great Britain and France, forced Germany to accept the blame for the war

what did the Treaty of Versailles do?

The international group created by Woodrow Wilson to ensure peace for the future using diplomatic means

The League of Nations?

The German government that signed the Versailles Treaty

The Weimar Republic?

The official name of the Nazi party

The National Socialists

The German plan to liquidate the entire Jewish population

What was the “Final Solution“?

An attempt to avoid war by Neville Chamberlin

What was Appeasement?

Poland

Which country did German troop invade that marked the beginning of WWll

Franklin Roosevelt

Which American president declared war on Japan after the bombing of Pearl Harbor?

A pact to not invade made between Germany and USSR

Nonaggression pact?

Determined who was and was not legally Jewish

The Nuremberg Laws

To serve as holding areas for Jews on the way to the death camps

Purpose of the Nazi ghettos

The us program that built the atomic bomb

Manhattan Project?

The Vichy Governments

The government in Southern France during german occupation?

Winston Churchill, Harry S. Truman, and Joseph Stalin

What leaders attended the Potsdam Conference

Naval battle in the Pacific between USA and Japan represents the turning point in the Pacific front

Midway

The attempts of the German Luftwaffe to gain control of British airspace and destroy the Royal Air Force

Battle of Britain

The largest single battle in history, and the first major military setback for the Third Reich, it occurred at the end of 1942

Stalingrad

In the six months between Aug 1942 and Feb 1843 the US and its Pacific Allies fought a hard air-sea-land campaign against the Japanese for possession of the previously-obscure island

Barbarossa

Germany would be demilitarized and would remain divided

The Potsdam Conference plan for Germany

Dismantling or demobilization of a military

Demilitarization

The introduction of a democratic system of democratic principles

Democratization

The process of removing the Nazi influence from and area or institution

Denazification

A form of an organizational structure where there is the delegation of authority by the top management to the middle and lower levels of management in an organization.

Decentralization

The transition of a national economy from monopoly control by groups of large businesses, known as cartels, to a free market economy.

Decartelization

Trials of the highest-ranking Nazi officers for “crimes against humanity“

The Nuremberg Trials

Hope the united nations was created as an organization to promote international stability

The United Nations

Representatives from all countries could debate international issues

The General Assembly

US, Soviet Union, Britain, France, China

The Security Council members:

UN invaded North Korea and moved to the Yalu River, which ended in Korean division at the 38th parallel

UN conflict in Korea

Churchill’s term for the takeover and occupation of the Eastern European countries after WWll, also refers to the geographical borders of the Warsaw Pact countries

The Iron Curtain

Attempts to use the threat of nuclear warfare to achieve diplomatic goals

Nuclear Diplomacy

The independence of nations from European (US and Japan) colonial powers

Decolonization

The united states gave 13 billion dollars to help rebuild Europe, the plan was a cornerstone in the policy of containment that would later drive the Cold War

The Marshall Plan

US aid is promised to any nation fighting communism

The Truman Doctrine

The USA policy of trying to contain the spread of communism

Containment

The CIA was created to carry out covert operations against hostile foreign states or groups.

The CIA

A military strategy that assumes a full-scale war between nuclear powers, no victory can be achieved

MAD

North Atlantic Treaty Organization 1949, a military pact designed to help European countries post WWll, mutual aid but also anti communist

NATO

Organization of American States 1948, an international organization of north, south, and central American governments to resolve disputes in the Americas, very anti communist

OAS

South East Asia Treaty Organization 1954/55, nato foe Asian countries becomes relevant to the war in vietnam

SEATO

1955, communist nato, the iron curtain countries’ military alliance with each other, formed after nato countries denied the USSR entry into NATO

The Warsaw Pact

The united states began massive airlifts of food, water, and medicine to the citizens of West Berlin, the Soviets don’t like it

The Berlin Airlift

one of the most recognizable symbols of the cold war, a barrier designed to keep East Germans in East Germany wia the wall in Berlin

The Berlin Wall

Occurred in 1949 and after the civil war saw the communists overthrew the pro-West Nationalists, Mao Zedong became the leader of Communist China, nationalists fled to taiwan

The Chinese Revolution

Chinese Communist party leader

Mao Zedong

Chinese Nationalist party leader

Chaing Kai-Shek

Communists (supported by USSR) vs. Anti-Communists (supported by US)

CPC vs. Nationalists

Nationalists Fled to Taiwan once China was declared communist on Oct 1, 1949

Taiwan

when the cold war turned hot, ussr/china vs the un via proxy forces of the various countries, koreans used as pawns by both sides of the cold war, we are still technically at war with north korea

Korean War

Place where Korea was and still is divided

38th Parallel

When both US and Soviets posses an effective strategic atomic capability , neither side will allow total war

Stalemate

1959, instituted national education and medical reforms, preached revolution to other Latin American nations

Cuban Revolution