Muscle Tissue

Satellite Cells

Satellite Cells

Reserve Progenitor cells which remains adjacent to most fibers of differentiated skeletal muscle

10-100 µm

The skeletal muscle is consist of muscle fibers, which are long, cylindrical and multi-nucleated and has a diameter of?

Smooth Muscle

Composed of Fusiform cells and it lacks striations and it is slow and usually involuntary

Cardiac Muscle

composed of elongated, often branched cells with cross striations and has involuntary contractions, vigorous and rhythmic

Skeletal Muscle

composed of long multi-nucleated cells with cross striations and has quick, forceful and voluntary contraction.

• Skeletal Muscle

• Cardiac Muscle

• Smooth Muscle

What are the three types of Muscle tissue?

Mesodermal Origin

All muscle cells came from what origin?

Deep Fascia

A dense irregular connective tissue overlying the epimysium?

Perimysium

a Thin connective tissue layer that surrounds each bundle of muscle fibers called fascicle

Epimysium

Dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle

Endomysium

Dense irregular connective tissue surrounding the external lamina of individual muscle fibers

Sarcoplasm

what do you call the cytoplasm of muscle cells?

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

what is the term for Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum of the Muscle?

Sarcolemma

Cell membrane and external lamina of Muscle?

Sliding Filament Theory

A concept explaining how muscle contractions occur in the body.

A Bands

A band that appears darker under a microscope due to the high density of overlapping thick filaments (made of myosin) within them.

I Bands

They appear lighter under a microscope due to their lower density of myofilaments.

Myofibrils

Sarcoplasm is highly organized, containing primarily of long cylindrical filament bundles called?

“Flesh” and “thing formed”

The Sarcoplasm came from the Greek word “sarkos” and “plasma” which means?

Husk

Sarcolemma came from the Greek word “Sarkos” which means “Flesh” and “lemma” which means?

Myotubules

Skeletal muscle begins to differentiate when mesenchymal cells, called myoblasts, align and fuse together to make longer, multinucleated tubes called ____

Sarcolemma

Elongated nuclei of the Skeletal muscle is found peripherally under the?

Z Disc

I Bands are bisected by a dark transverse line which is the?

Actomyosin ATPase Activity

An activity in which the myosin heads bind both actin, forming transient cross-bridges between the thick and thin filaments, and ATP, catalyzing energy release.

Transverse Tubules

Long Fingerlike invaginations of the cell membrane encircling each myofibril near the aligned A and I band Boundaries of sarcomeres

Terminal cisternae

expanded structures adjacent to each T-tubules

α-actinin

Actin filaments are anchored perpendicularly on the Z disc by the actin binding protein____

Titin

It is the important accessory protein of I bands?

Nebulin

A large accessory protein that binds each thin filaments laterally

zwischen

Z disc came from Greek word “_____” which means Between.

Type IIa (Fast Oxidative Glycolytic Fibers)

Fast Twitch Fatigue Resistant motor units

Type I (Slow Oxidative Fibers)

Slow Twitch Fatigue Resistant motor units

Type IIb (Fast Glycolytic Fibers)

Fast Twitch Fatigue Prone motor units

Triad

Transverse tubules with two terminal cisternae is called?

satellite cells

Post natal muscle growth

Fascia adherens (adhering Junction)

Major constituent of the transverse component of the intercalated disk

Maculae adherentes (Desmosomes)

bind the individual muscle cells to one another

Gap junctions

provide ionic continuity between adjacent cardiac muscle cells allowing informational macromolecules to pass from cell to cell

Dyads

The junctions between its terminal cisterns and T-tubules typically involve only one structure of each type, forming profiles called ___ rather than triads in TEM sections.

Fatty Acid

____Major fuel of the Heart (stored as Triglycerides in small lipid droplets)

Musculi pectini

Term for the Muscle of the Atria

Atrial Natriuretic

A hormone that is secreted in response to an increase in blood volume

Trabeculae carnae

Term for the Muscle of the Ventricles

Visceral Muscle

Smooth Muscle are also called?

Desmin and Vimentin

Smooth muscle cells possess a contractile apparatus of thin and thick filaments and a cytoskeleton of ____ and ____ intermediate filaments

Caldesmon and calponin

what are the two smooth muscle specific proteins?

Thick filaments

contains myosin II molecules that are oriented in one direction on one side of the filament

Caldesmon

has been suggested to be involved in tethering actin, myosin and tropomyosin , and thereby enhance the ability of smooth muscle to maintain tension

Visceral smooth muscle

Type of Smooth muscle in the GIT, Stomach, Small and Large Intestines, Uterus, Cervix, Fallopian tubes, Urinary bladder, Epididymis

Vascular smooth muscle

Walls of the blood vessels

Smooth muscle of the Iris

Sphincter and dilator papillae muscles

Multi-unit

Each cell is innervated and can contract independently

Unitary

Only few cells are innervated but all cells are interconnected by gap junctions

Troponin T or TnT

Attaches to Tropomyosin

Troponin C or TnC

Binds to Calcium ions

Troponin I or TnI

Regulates actin-myosin interactions

Neuromuscular junction

ACh binds to ACh receptors in the motor end plate of the _____