MMW

symmetry

bilateral symmetry two sides are mirror like.

Radical Symmetry

identical parts are arranged around the fixed point.

Fractals symmetry

mini version are same as the whole object.

Fibonacci sequence

an infinite number sequence in which each number (term) is the sum of the two preceding numbers.

Fibonacci sequence

Golden ratio

another mathematical theory that connects well with nature.

Precise

use of symbols

concise

words are turn into symbols

powerful

able to express complex thoughts with relative ease.

mathematical expression

without a comparison symbols or equal sign

mathematical sentence

statement that includes a comparison symbol

sets

The groups are called sets for as long as the objects in the group share a characteristic

and are thus, well defined

Finite set

a set whose elements are limited or countable

Infinite set

a set whose elements are unlimited or uncountable

Unit set

a set with only one element.

Empty set

a set with no elements.

Joint sets

two or more sets with at least one common element.

Disjoint sets

two or more sets with no common elements.

Universal set “U”

a set that refers to the totality of all elements.

Cardinal sets

refers to the number of elements or members in the set.

Equivalent sets

two or more sets with the same cardinal number.

Equal

sets two or more sets with the same elements, regardless of the order.

Subsets

a set where all its elements are also elements of another larger set.

Power sets “P(S)”

refers to the set of all subsets of a given set.

Inductive reasoning

Drawing a general conclusion from a repeated observation or limited sets of observations of specific examples.

Inductive reasoning

Specific to General

Deductive reasoning

Drawing general to specific examples or simply from general case to specific case.

Deductive reasoning

General to specific

Conjecture

A conclusion or generalization drawn by using inductive reasoning.

Counterexample

A specific example that shows a conjecture is false.

Argument

Are the reason or reasons offered for or against something

Premises

Minor or major propositions or assertions that serve as the bases for an argument.

Syllogism

An argument composed of two statements or premises followed by a conclusion.

Conclusion

The last step in a reasoning process.

Polya’s Strategy

Named after George Polya (1887-1985). It is a four-step problem solving strategy that are deceptively simple.

Polya’s first step

Understand the problem

Polya’s second step

Devise a plan

Polya’s third step

Carry out the plan

Polya’s fourth step

Review the solution

Statistics

branch of mathematics that deals with collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting data to help make decisions or draw conclusions.

Data

statistics is always a result of experiment, observation, investigation and other means and often appears as a numerical figure and then evaluated to make it into useful knowledge.

Descriptive statistics

summarizing values to describe its group characteristics.

Variable

a numerical characteristic or attribute associated with the population being studied.

Inferential statistics

interpretation of the results of the information gathered by the statistician.

Discrete variable

type of variable that can take only specific, separate values

Continuous variable

type of variable that can take any value within a given range.

Nominal

Tags or Labels

Ordinal

Order or ranking

Interval

No absolute 0

Ratio

With absolute 0

Population

defined as groups of people, animals

Sample

Section or part of a population

Mean

Average

Mean

Median

Middle data

Mode

Most frequent data

Measures of dispersion

describe how spread out or scattered the values in a data set are.

Range

simplest measure of variation to find.

Range

Mean Absolute Deviation

Is the average of how much the data values differ from the mean.

MAD

Variance

Standard Deviation

Coefficient Variation

Normal Distribution

a bell-shaped and symmetric probability distribution

Standard Normal Distribution

A z-score value is needed to convert a normal distribution into a standard normal distribution.

Z-score