Interspecific Competition Flashcards

Flashcards reviewing key concepts related to interspecific competition in ecology, based on lecture notes.

Interspecific Competition

Competition involving two or more species.

Interspecific Competition

Divergence and specialization are components of this type of competition.

Consumption

Classification of competition analogous to exploitation.

Encounter

Nonterritorial conflict that is analogous to interference.

Territorial Competition

Behavioral exclusion of others; sarcastic fringehead is an example.

Preemption

Occupation by one species precludes establishment by others; mostly with sessile species.

Overgrowth

One species grows over another, mostly with sessile species.

Chemical Interaction

Release of toxins or growth inhibitors.

Competition Coefficients

Quantify the per capita effect of one species on another in the Lotka-Volterra model.

Competitive Effect of Species 2

dN1/dt = r1N1 (1 - (N1 + aN2)/K1) describes the growth rate of species 1 considering this.

Phase Plane Diagram

A diagram showing the zero-growth isocline for each species to determine outcomes of competition.

Zero-Growth Isocline

The combined values of N1 and N2 at which dN/dt = 0.

Competitive Exclusion

In a mixed culture, P. aurelia outcompetes P. caudatum, resulting in this.

Competitive Exclusion Principle

States that complete competitors cannot coexist.

Complete Competitors

Two species that live in the same place and have exactly the same ecological requirements.

Nonresource Factors

Can influence the outcome of competition.

Brook Trout

Most abundant trout at high elevations.

Low Tolerance to Anoxic Condition

Lower boundary of S. patens is determined by this.

Competition from S. patens

Upper boundary of S. alterniflora determined by this.

Ghosts of Competition Past

Resource partitioning between competitors that has occurred in the past.

Ecological Character Displacement

Evolutionary shifts in traits that reduces competition between species.

Altitudinal Ranges of Chipmunks

Similar food requirements, physiological tolerance, aggression, and competitive advantages enables species to determine an organisms niche.

Partition Available Resources

Similar species may do this to coexist.

Fire Ant

Crazy ants counteract this ant with poisonous venom with chemistry.