history notes

What motivated King Leopold II to explore the Congo?

He claimed his goal was to bring civilization to the people of the Congo.

Who was the architect of Germany's unification in 1871?

Otto von Bismarck.

What was the significance of the Berlin Conference in 1884?

It was organized by Bismarck to discuss the future of Africa, particularly the Congo.

What was the main message of the cartoon representing the division of Africa?

It showed that decisions about Africa were being made without the input of Africans.

What did David Livingstone advocate for during his explorations?

The 3 C's: Christianity, Commerce, and Civilization.

What was the slogan of the French Revolution in 1789?

Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity.

What infamous atrocities did King Leopold II's reign over the Congo Free State become known for?

Brutality against the Congolese people.

When was the first Rhodes Scholarship awarded?

In 1902.

What are key selection criteria for the Rhodes Scholarship?

Academic excellence, leadership potential, and moral character.

What is mercantilism?

An economic theory that emphasizes national profit through trade and the accumulation of wealth.

What was the famous protest against tea in 1773?

The Boston Tea Party.

What does Social Darwinism refer to?

The application of Darwin's theory of survival of the fittest to justify imperialism in a racist way.

What did the 1776 declaration signify?

The American colonies' declaration of independence from Great Britain.

What was the aim of the Rhodes Scholarship program?

To fund international students for graduate study at Oxford University.

In what year did the Suez Canal open?

1879.

What was the role of Henry Morton Stanley in Africa between 1874-1884?

He led major expeditions for exploration on behalf of King Leopold II of Belgium.

What event marked a significant change in the colonies' desire for independence from their mother country?

The declaration of independence movements in Latin America by the 1820s.

What is capitalism and the free market's principle of comparative advantage?

It refers to the economic theory that countries should focus on producing goods where they have a lower opportunity cost.

What did Rhodes propose in 1892?

He planned to build a railway and telegraph line from Cape Town to Cairo.