this but im actually locked tf in

What is social stratification

Hierarchical arrangements of large social groups based on their access to or control over valued resources

Taking away ppls ways to vote

Disenfranchisement

What is the main point of Gerard lenskis multidemsional model of stratification

Member of ethnic groups aren’t randomly scattered throughout economic/political class hierarchies

What is the band’s of thorstein vablens book: Theory of leisure class

Physical v. Pecuniary prowess

What is physical prowess

Back then, the strongest male held all the power and lead the group

What is pecuniary prowess

What makes someone attractive today is how much money they make, wise status symbols such as nice jewelry to show this

Using status symbols to show wealth

Conspicuous consumption

What is life chances by max weber

The extent to which a person or group at a certain layer in the certification system have access to control over important resources depends on race, gender, status, etc

Open stratification systems

Allow vertical social mobility, so people an move up or down between class systems

Closed stratification system

Doesn’t allow vertical social mobility

What are some examples of closed stratification systems

Slavery, and and the caste systems, such as futile system, the apartheid system and modern Indias

Intragenerational v. Intergenerational

Look up in textbook

Marx on social class

Determined by your relationship to the means of production

Who was very critical of Marx’s theories

Max Weber

How do we calculate the remissions of social inequality

Prestige and power

The acceptable sociological view of wealth:

Value of all assets combined with income/salary

What is prestige

Respect/regard afforded by peers and the community

What is power

Ability to carry out goals despite opposition from others

What does is the SES

Education, occupation, income are used to establish a class location

The top 1% own __% of the nations wealth

40

The upper-upper class consists of

Generationally wealthy families (old money)

The upper class makes up 14% of the population, name some characteristics of this class

Own substantial income producing property and educated at the finest schools

The upper class owns __% of all stocks, bonds, and mutual funds

50

30 yrs ago, the 1% only took home 9% of the nations wealth, how much do they take home now?

24%

The average employer has to work 1 month to make what a CEO makes in 1 hour, how much more does this put CEOs making than an average employee

380x

Who does the lower upper class consist of

People with new money that are more known

This class is well educated at research institutions, hold 4-year degrees, and tend to have jobs that give them authority and autonomy

Upper middle class

Which class is starting to fall apart in the US

The middle class

What is middle class slide

A downward social mobility due to changes in the economy

What is deindustrialization (middle class slide)

Businesses are moving to cheaper areas so they can pay workers less for more profit

What is corporate downsizing (middle class slide)

Reducing the size of the work force and redistributing responsibilities

What is job deskilling (middle class slide)

Jobs that used to be complex and people working them had to be highly trained and paid, now anyone can do it for minimum wage

What is automation/AI (middle class slide)

Electronics replacing people

What is stag-flation (middle class slide)

When salary remains the same but prices drastically go up

What are low wages (middle class slide)

People still live below the poverty line bc minimum wage is too low to sustain a comfortable life

Characteristics of middle class

Generally have skilled labor positions and a high school diploma

May only have a GED or high school diploma, only semi skilled

Working class

Not well educated, working non skilled jobs

Working poor

The working poor make up __% of the population

15

Seldom employed, the bottom 80% of this class only controls 7% of the nations wealth

The underclass

who are the 80% that own .5% of bonds and stocks in America

Lower and middle classes

a minimum income threshold used to determine if a person can afford basic necessities like food and shelter

The poverty line

Consequences of poverty in health and nutrition

More likely to suffer from chronic illnesses or infectious diseases due to lack of available healthcare

The functional view of the educational consequence of poverty

Education is an elevator for upward social mobility

Conflict theory’s view of the educational consequences in poverty

Education, contributes to the perpetuating, social inequality and existing power relations

What age group is most likely to be poor in America

Children

Trend in which women are over represented as those living in poverty. Older women are twice as likely to be poorer than older men

the feminization of poverty

What gender and race make up 2/3 of all American adults living in poverty

White people and women

What race of people is more likely to live below the poverty line

Black or Latino

What does the Davis Moore thesis state?

Social inequality must somehow help be functional to society so social stratification is a cultural universal and is functional

This thesis assumes that America is a meritocracy or a society in which all positions are awarded on the basis of qualifications, but this is not the case in America

The Davis-Moore thesis

First 2 claims of the Davis Moore thesis

1. All societies have important tasks and important positions that must be accomplished and filled

2. Some positions are more important than others

Last 3 claims of the David Moore thesis

3. The most important positions must be filled by the most qualified people

4. The most important positions require scarce talent, education, and skill therefore they must be the most paid

5. The most important positions are highly specialize on which others rely on for expertise

The primary causes of global population growth

A world wide decline in mortality

Humans survive on less than __% of the surface and we can only grow crops on _%

17% and 4%

What is demography

The study of population size, composition, and distribution

The 3 major things demography of uses on

Fertility, mortality, migration

The global population is 8.11 billion, how mush does this increase by everyday?

200,000

For every island of order we call life what is required

A tremendous seat of disorder

Which societies have the lowest fertility rates

Industrialized society

Why is the infant mortality rate so high in America?

It’s inversely related to economic status, those in lower classes don’t have access to healthcare and are more likely to have infants that die

Number of deaths per 1000 people in a population in a given year

Crude death rate (CDR)

Number of deaths per 1000 live birth a year it delivers an accurate picture of the countries’s healthcare and nutrition delivery systems

Infant mortality rate (IMR)

What is fertility

The actual level of childbearing for an individual, household, or population

Number of live births per 1000 women and a given age group

Crude birth rate (CBR)

The fertility rate required to sustain static population 2.0

Replacement rate

The ability to bear children

Fecundity

Number of live births per 100 women in a given age group, and a population in a given year

Age specific birth rate (ASBR)

The number of males per 100 females in a population in a given year this can impact population growth

Sex ratio

what is the US’s birth rate?

1.6

The total number of immigrants - the total Number of emigrants

Net number of migrants

Net number of migrants per 100 people in a population in a given year

Crude net migration rate

The number one contributing factor to the increase in the US population

Legal immigration

What was the Malthusian perspective?

If the population growth was left on checked, it would surpass the food supply in doom us all

What are positive enthusiasm checks on population growth

Famine, disease and war

What are preventative Malthusian checks to population growth?

Postponement of marriage and sex abstinence

Why did Marx say that mouth? This is wrong?

The food supply can be increased to deal with growing population

Overpopulation occurs his capitalist, desire a surplus of workers to suppress wages enforce employees to be more product

Marx’s industrial reserve army

What does the Neo Malthusian perspective argue

Population is most dangerous because of intensified harm to the ecological environment/Earths biosphere

Malthusian perspective on how the population grows v. Neo Malthusian

Geometrically v. Exponential

The point at which fertility and mortality match, and there is no further population growth

Zero population grow

Neo Malthusians believe in the ZPG movement, what is it

Reproduction should be limited to the max number of necessary for replacement meaning two children per couple

A graphic representation of a population by sex and age

Population pyramid