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the weird sisters/ 3 witches
told macbeth of his prophecies
macbeth
started as thane of cawdore
violence to get to his title king
behind the murders
manipulated
died in battle- head cut off
banquo
macbeths best friend
killed in the woods
also told a prophecy but made no action towards it
had a son
lady macbeth
died of guilt- constantly washed her hands
wife of macbeth
manipulative
macduff
loyal to duncan
family was killed
planned with duncan’s son to kill macbeth
lady macduff and the macduff family
innocent
murdered
iambic pentameter
10 syllables in a line
shakespeare language
made up words (sometimes to get to iambic) that he thought would stick around but didnt
what are the 1st set of prophecies
macbeth will be a thane
macbeth will be king
banquo's sons will be kings
what are the 2nd set of prophecies
beware of macduff
none born of a woman shall harm Macbeth
macbeth will remain safe until Birnam Wood marches to Dunsinane Hill
what are the apparitions in macbeth
an armed head
a bloody child
a child crowned with a tree in his hand
how is guilt shown in macbeth?
lady macbeth continuously washes her hand saying she is washing away the blood- guilt for the murders her husband has committed
how is ambition shown in macbeth?
when macbeth commits all these murders and violence to gain his king title
basics of political turmoil of 1600s-1700s
mixed of religions, back and forth from protestant to catholic
john donne
known for 2 very different personality poems
poems of youth and poems of adulthood
“the flea” + “holy sonnet 10”
raised catholic, became a religious protestant
married, lost 5 children, lost wife to a stillborn
“the flea”
john donne younghood
uses a flea as a metaphor to explore the sexual union between a man and a woman
“holy sonnet 10”
john donne adulthood
dont be afraid of death
direct address to death, arguing that it is powerless because it acts merely as a “short sleep” between earthly living and the eternal afterlife
death shouldn’t be proud of itself
john milton
wrote paradise lost
went into hiding
went blind and daughter dictated for him
known to use allegories
paradise lost
fall of satan from heaven- trying to get angels to rebel against God
the question of free will or predestination, or whether or not humans make their own choices or whether they are fated
jonathan swift
irish but raised in england
protestant
political writer
expert of satire
“a modest proposal”
tells ireland to just eat the children (problem with overpopulation)
form of satire
satire
an attack on a vice of society in the from of scathing humor
can be direct or indirect
needs to have some moral voice
elements of satire
exaggeration/hyperbole
verbal irony/sarcasim
absurdity
dramatic irony
romantic pillars
emotion
freedom- not just from gov but society as well
love/worship of nature
imagination
individuality
gothic terms/requirements
negative perspective of romantic pillars
melancholy
grotesque
william blake
viewed as insane or demented
obsessed with good+ evil
talked about supernatural
connection of evil to society
art has a lot to do with spirituality
william wordsworth
mother and father died at young age
besties with coleridge
3 common themes: nature, common man, political views
known for appreciation of nature
moved often during writing
lord byron
father absent most of his life
scandalous reputation while writing
passion for history influenced writings
close with shelleys
supporter of liberal causes + national independence
samuel coleridge
drug addict
created small society to educate children
best works were when he was in high drug addict era
known for works of imagination, criticism + philosophy
percy shelley
relationship with mary shelley while married
disowned by father bc atheist
has bad temper
works extremely popular
died in sea
wrote philosophical view of reform
john keats
mother and father died, then grandmother
left to carry of merchant who disregarded him and his siblings
fell in love with franny brawne
severe tuberculosis- would leave to “get fresh air”
admired in victorian age
common literary style: sonnets, odes, and epics
mary shelley
fell in love with percy shelley
wrote frankenstein
7 novels
common subjects: science, nature, supernatural
grandmother of science fiction
william
brother of victor
murdered by monster
justine
servant of frankensteins-more like cousin relationship
blamed for williams murder and falsely confession so she could go heaven
murdered for crime
henry
victors best friend
murdered by monster when victor doesnt make the female
the monster
created by victor
left to fend for himself
started to kill all victors loved ones out of revenge
society views him as threat- beats and screams at him
delaceys
only connection monster had- with the dad
dad taught the monster everything (was blind so didn’t see him)
when the son comes back- beats up monster, monster runs away and comes back to burn their house down with them in it
parenting
victor lacked parenting the monster
victors parents viewed him as their idol
electricity experiements
victor saw destruction of nature which sparked interest in science
wanted to create human from dead body parts (the monster)
paradise lost- frankenstein
helped the monster become intelligent
a modern prometheus
Victor's monster also resembles this in that he signifies liberation from his creator
a female
the monster wanted a mate that would understand how it is to be like him
said if given he would disappear with her forever
victor scared of resulting in a new race of devils- doenst create him and scared she woudlnt like the monster
nature vs nurture
debate of what caused monster’s revenge
Shelley explores the question of whether we are who we are because of genes or because of our experiences growing up
ernest
other brother of victor
with william before murdered
elizabeth
was orphan but adopted by frankensteins as a “gift” to victor
mother only wish that her and victor would get married
eventually marries victor
murdered by monster at end
mr. frankenstein
father of victor
former gov employee
pushed victor to marry elizabeth
husband of caroline
caroline frankenstein
mother of victor
died from illness from elizabeth
dying wish for elizabeth and victor to get married
wife of mr. frankenstein
victor frankenstein
the problem of the story
interested in science
created the monster then left it to fend for itself
selfish
robert walton
discovers victor on the side of boat
writing to his sister about victors life
captain of ship but crew doesnt like him
epigraph
an inscription on a building, statue, or coin
epistolary
relating to the writing of letters
idiosyncrasy
weird trait, quirk, something odd
peculiarity that serves to distinguish or identify
esoteric
intended for or understood by only a select few, private, secret
delineate
to portray, sketch, or describe in accurate and vivid detail; to represent pictorially
mundane
earthly, worldly, relating to practical and material affairs; concern with what is ordinary
nuance
a subtle or slight variation (as in color, meaning, quality), delicate gradation or shade of difference
ignominy
shame and disgrace
penchant
a strong attraction or inclination
ubiquitous
present or existing everywhere
commonly place, seen all over
derelict
someone or something thats abandoned or neglected
left abandoned; neglectful of duty
diatriibe
a bitter and prpolonged verbal attack
effigy
a crude image of a despised person
inane
silly, empty of meaning or value
sylvan
pertaining to or characteristic of forests; living or located in the forest; wooded, woody
pertaining to the woods
convivial
festive, sociable, having fun together, genial
indigent
needy, impoverished
misanthrope
a person who hates or despises people
ephemeral
lasting only a short time, short-lived
jettison
to cast overboard, get rid of as unnecessary or burdensome
raiment
clothing, garments
allay
to calm or pacify, set to rest; to lessen or relieve