brit lit final exam

the weird sisters/ 3 witches

told macbeth of his prophecies

macbeth

started as thane of cawdore

violence to get to his title king

behind the murders

manipulated

died in battle- head cut off

banquo

macbeths best friend

killed in the woods

also told a prophecy but made no action towards it

had a son

lady macbeth

died of guilt- constantly washed her hands

wife of macbeth

manipulative

macduff

loyal to duncan

family was killed

planned with duncan’s son to kill macbeth

lady macduff and the macduff family

innocent

murdered

iambic pentameter

10 syllables in a line

shakespeare language

made up words (sometimes to get to iambic) that he thought would stick around but didnt

what are the 1st set of prophecies

macbeth will be a thane

macbeth will be king

banquo's sons will be kings

what are the 2nd set of prophecies

beware of macduff

none born of a woman shall harm Macbeth

macbeth will remain safe until Birnam Wood marches to Dunsinane Hill

what are the apparitions in macbeth

an armed head

a bloody child

a child crowned with a tree in his hand

how is guilt shown in macbeth?

lady macbeth continuously washes her hand saying she is washing away the blood- guilt for the murders her husband has committed

how is ambition shown in macbeth?

when macbeth commits all these murders and violence to gain his king title

basics of political turmoil of 1600s-1700s

mixed of religions, back and forth from protestant to catholic

john donne

known for 2 very different personality poems

poems of youth and poems of adulthood

“the flea” + “holy sonnet 10”

raised catholic, became a religious protestant

married, lost 5 children, lost wife to a stillborn

“the flea”

john donne younghood

uses a flea as a metaphor to explore the sexual union between a man and a woman

“holy sonnet 10”

john donne adulthood

dont be afraid of death

direct address to death, arguing that it is powerless because it acts merely as a “short sleep” between earthly living and the eternal afterlife

death shouldn’t be proud of itself

john milton

wrote paradise lost

went into hiding

went blind and daughter dictated for him

known to use allegories

paradise lost

fall of satan from heaven- trying to get angels to rebel against God

the question of free will or predestination, or whether or not humans make their own choices or whether they are fated

jonathan swift

irish but raised in england

protestant

political writer

expert of satire

“a modest proposal”

tells ireland to just eat the children (problem with overpopulation)

form of satire

satire

an attack on a vice of society in the from of scathing humor

can be direct or indirect

needs to have some moral voice

elements of satire

exaggeration/hyperbole

verbal irony/sarcasim

absurdity

dramatic irony

romantic pillars

emotion

freedom- not just from gov but society as well

love/worship of nature

imagination

individuality

gothic terms/requirements

negative perspective of romantic pillars

melancholy

grotesque

william blake

viewed as insane or demented

obsessed with good+ evil

talked about supernatural

connection of evil to society

art has a lot to do with spirituality

william wordsworth

mother and father died at young age

besties with coleridge

3 common themes: nature, common man, political views

known for appreciation of nature

moved often during writing

lord byron

father absent most of his life

scandalous reputation while writing

passion for history influenced writings

close with shelleys

supporter of liberal causes + national independence

samuel coleridge

drug addict

created small society to educate children

best works were when he was in high drug addict era

known for works of imagination, criticism + philosophy

percy shelley

relationship with mary shelley while married

disowned by father bc atheist

has bad temper

works extremely popular

died in sea

wrote philosophical view of reform

john keats

mother and father died, then grandmother

left to carry of merchant who disregarded him and his siblings

fell in love with franny brawne

severe tuberculosis- would leave to “get fresh air”

admired in victorian age

common literary style: sonnets, odes, and epics

mary shelley

fell in love with percy shelley

wrote frankenstein

7 novels

common subjects: science, nature, supernatural

grandmother of science fiction

william

brother of victor

murdered by monster

justine

servant of frankensteins-more like cousin relationship

blamed for williams murder and falsely confession so she could go heaven

murdered for crime

henry

victors best friend

murdered by monster when victor doesnt make the female

the monster

created by victor

left to fend for himself

started to kill all victors loved ones out of revenge

society views him as threat- beats and screams at him

delaceys

only connection monster had- with the dad

dad taught the monster everything (was blind so didn’t see him)

when the son comes back- beats up monster, monster runs away and comes back to burn their house down with them in it

parenting

victor lacked parenting the monster

victors parents viewed him as their idol

electricity experiements

victor saw destruction of nature which sparked interest in science

wanted to create human from dead body parts (the monster)

paradise lost- frankenstein

helped the monster become intelligent

a modern prometheus

Victor's monster also resembles this in that he signifies liberation from his creator

a female

the monster wanted a mate that would understand how it is to be like him

said if given he would disappear with her forever

victor scared of resulting in a new race of devils- doenst create him and scared she woudlnt like the monster

nature vs nurture

debate of what caused monster’s revenge

Shelley explores the question of whether we are who we are because of genes or because of our experiences growing up

ernest

other brother of victor

with william before murdered

elizabeth

was orphan but adopted by frankensteins as a “gift” to victor

mother only wish that her and victor would get married

eventually marries victor

murdered by monster at end

mr. frankenstein

father of victor

former gov employee

pushed victor to marry elizabeth

husband of caroline

caroline frankenstein

mother of victor

died from illness from elizabeth

dying wish for elizabeth and victor to get married

wife of mr. frankenstein

victor frankenstein

the problem of the story

interested in science

created the monster then left it to fend for itself

selfish

robert walton

discovers victor on the side of boat

writing to his sister about victors life

captain of ship but crew doesnt like him

epigraph

an inscription on a building, statue, or coin

epistolary

relating to the writing of letters

idiosyncrasy

weird trait, quirk, something odd

peculiarity that serves to distinguish or identify

esoteric

intended for or understood by only a select few, private, secret

delineate

to portray, sketch, or describe in accurate and vivid detail; to represent pictorially

mundane

earthly, worldly, relating to practical and material affairs; concern with what is ordinary

nuance

a subtle or slight variation (as in color, meaning, quality), delicate gradation or shade of difference

ignominy

shame and disgrace

penchant

a strong attraction or inclination

ubiquitous

present or existing everywhere

commonly place, seen all over

derelict

someone or something thats abandoned or neglected

left abandoned; neglectful of duty

diatriibe

a bitter and prpolonged verbal attack

effigy

a crude image of a despised person

inane

silly, empty of meaning or value

sylvan

pertaining to or characteristic of forests; living or located in the forest; wooded, woody

pertaining to the woods

convivial

festive, sociable, having fun together, genial

indigent

needy, impoverished

misanthrope

a person who hates or despises people

ephemeral

lasting only a short time, short-lived

jettison

to cast overboard, get rid of as unnecessary or burdensome

raiment

clothing, garments

allay

to calm or pacify, set to rest; to lessen or relieve