JavaFX / Exam 3

JavaFX

a set of packages and APIs for developing programs with graphical user interfaces, 3D graphics, etc.

graphical user interface (GUI)

enables the user to interface with a program using graphical components, such as windows, buttons, text boxes, etc.

Application

a JavaFX class that provides the basic functionality for a JavaFX program

Stage

a JavaFX top-level container that contains all content within a window

Scene

a JavaFX component that contains all graphical components that are displayed together

Pane

JavaFX component that controls the layout, i.e., position and size, of graphical components

TextField

a JavaFX GUI component that enables a programmer to display a line of text

GridPane

JavaFX Pane component that positions graphical components in a two-dimensional grid

Label

a JavaFX component that displays non-editable text

Button

a JavaFX GUI component that represents a labeled button that a user can press to interact with a program

action event

(an object) that notifies the program of the occurrence of a component-related event

event handler

(an object) that defines how a program should respond to specific events

Alert

a separate JavaFX window, also known as a dialog or pop-up window, that displays a message to the user

graphical application

a program that displays drawings and other graphical objects

Canvas

an image onto which graphical objects can be drawn

GraphicContext

an object that supports drawing shapes on a Canvas

Color

an object that represents a color

BorderPane

a layout container that divides its area into five regions: top, left, right, bottom, and center

FlowPane

a layout container that arranges its child nodes in a flow, wrapping them onto the next row or column if there isn't enough space in the current one

HBox

a layout component which positions all its child nodes (components) in a horizontal row

VBox

a layout component which positions all its child nodes (components) in a vertical column - on top of each other

lambda expressions

a short block of code which takes in parameters and returns a value and doesn’t have a name

Node

Each item in the scene graph

Encapsulation

making properties private and defining getter and setter methods to access them

try block

surrounds normal code, which is exited immediately if a statement within the try block throws an exception.

catch block

catches an exception thrown in a preceding try block. If the thrown exception's type matches the catch block's parameter type, the code within the catch block executes.

exception

an unexpected incident that stops the normal execution of a program

throw

throws a throwable object, like an exception, during program execution

throws clause

specifies the types of exceptions that a method may throw and callers of the method should handle

checked exception

an exception that a programmer is expected to handle within the program

unchecked exception

an exception that a programmer is not expected to catch and handle at runtime

catch or specify requirement

requires methods to either catch a checked exception using a catch block, or specify that the method throws the checked exception using a throws clause

try-with-resources

declares closable resources, like files, within parentheses after the try keyword and before the try's opening curly brace

finally block

always executes when a try block exits