Ch. 3: Phonemes - Matching Consonants to Natural Class

/p/

voiceless bilabial stop (oral)

/b/

voiced bilabial stop (oral)

/m/

voiced bilabial stop (nasal)

/w/

voiced bilabial OR velar approximant

/f/

voiceless labiodental fricative

/v/

voiced labiodental fricative

/θ/

voiceless dental fricative

/ð/

voiced dental fricative

/t/

voiceless alveolar stop (oral)

/d/

voiced alveolar stop (oral)

/n/

voiced alveolar stop (nasal)

/ɾ/

voiced alveolar tap/flap

/s/

voiceless alveolar fricative

/z/

voiced alveolar fricative

/ɹ/

voiced alveolar approximant

/l/

voiced alveolar lateral approximant

/tʃ/

voiceless postalveolar affricate

/dʒ/

voiced postalveolar affricate

/ʃ/

voiceless postalveolar fricative

/ʒ/

voiced postalveolar fricative

/j/

voiced palatal approximant

/k/

voiceless velar stop (oral)

/g/

voiced velar stop (oral)

/ŋ/

voiced velar stop (nasal)

/ʔ/

voicless glottal stop (oral)

/h/

voiceless glottal fricative