Biology-Cell Structure Yr 9

Topic 1 for Bio

Nucleus

Contains genetic material

Cytoplasm

Where most chemical reactions occur

Ribosomes

Where protein synthesis occurs

Cell membrane

Controls substance into and out of cell

Cell Wall

Contains cellulose to give the cell structure

Chloroplast

Contains chlorophyll, which absorbs light for photosynthesis

Vacuole

Contains cell sap

Mitochondria

Energy is released via aerobic respiration

Prokaryotic Cells compared to eukaryotic

Smaller in size and less complex then Eukaryote cells, Contains DNA in plasmid and a singular circular strand of DNA

Sperm Cell Function

Fertilise the egg cell

Sperm Cell adaption

Flagellum to swim easily

Enzymes on the head to help break through the wall

In its tail it has mitochondria to release energy

Muscle Cell Function

Contract/relax for movement

Muscle Cell Adaption

Long and contain lots of mitochondria to release energy.

Nerve Cell Function

Sends commands to the muscle to be able to feel.

Nerve Cell adaption

Long, connections at each end to create a network of connections

Root Hair cell

To absorb water and mineral ions.

Root hair cell adaption

A large surface area to increase to rate of absorption

Cilia (Small hairs) on the root hair cell

Red Blood Cell function

To carry oxygen from the lungs to the whole body

Red Blood Cell Adaption

They have a large surface area to be able to carry an amount of oxygen to respiring cells

Palisade Cell function

To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis

Palisade Cell adaption

Packed full of chloroplasts

Chemical equation for aerobic respiration

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H20

Glucose chemical formula

C6H12O6

Tissue

A group of similar cells that work together for a common goal

Organ System

A group of organs that work together for a common goal

Microscopy Formula

Image = Actual * Magnification