Nematoda

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58 Terms

1

Autoreinfection

Reinfecting oneself

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2

Buccal capsule

Oral cavity of the roundworms

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3

Corticated

An outer albuminous (rough coating)

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4

Cutaneous larval migrans

Migration of a hookworm larva under the skin of humans (creeping eruption)

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5

Gravid

Pregnant female

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Intermediate host

Species of animal that serves as host for only the larval or sexually immature stages of development

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Infective stage

Parasite is capable of entering and continuing development within the host

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Nematodes:

Definitive hosts(humans) have _

Intermediate hosts have _

Adult worms

Larvae only

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9

Ascaris lumbricoides common name

Large intestinal roundworm

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10

Trichurus trichiura common name

Whipworm

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11

Enterobius vermicularis common name

Pinworm

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12

N americanus common name

New world hookworm

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13

Ancylostoma duodenale common name

Old world hookworm

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14

Strongyloides stercoralis common name

Threadworm

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15

Most common Helminth infection in the U.S

Enterobius vermicularis (pinworms)

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Pinworm transmission

Ingestion of eggs from contaminated fingers

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Pinworm symptoms and diagnosis

Intense bum itchiness, abdominal pain, and vulva irritation

Eggs on scotchtape prep

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Enterobius vermicularis shell

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Enterobius vermicularis adult

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20

Trichuris trichiura disease/infection

Whipworm infection

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21

Trichuriasis characteristic symptom

Dirt craving pica

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22

Third most common helminth disease in the U.S.

Trichuriasis

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Symptoms of Trichuriasis

Bloody, mucous stool, weight loss, fatigue, heavy worm burden (500-5000), rectal prolapse

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Trichuris Trichuris (whipworm) adult

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Trichuris trichiura egg

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26

One of the most common human intestinal roundworms in the world

Ascaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm)

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Second most common helminth disease in humans

Ascaris lumbricoides (giant roundworm)

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28

Ascaris lumbricoides symptoms

Asymptomatic or abd pain, diarrhea, hepatitis, pancreatitis, cholecystitis, some pulmonary symptoms

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Ascaris lumbricoides diagnosis

Adult worms / eggs in feces, eosinophilia

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Possible complications of Ascaris lumbricoides

Bowel obstruction, appendix obstruction, malabsorption, protein malnutrition

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Ascaris lumbricoides egg

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32
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A. Fertilized Ascaris lumbricoides egg

B. Unfertilized Ascaris lumbricoides egg

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33

Necator americanus (new world hookworm) transmission

larvae from contaminated soil directly penetrate human skin that spread to lungs that are coughed up then swallowed and mature in the intestine

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Necator americanus diagnosis

Eggs in feces, worms in intestinal biopsy, buccal cavity cutting plates

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Necator americanus eggs

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Necator americanus (hookworm) adult

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37

Ancylostoma duodenale morphology

Two pairs of teeth in buccal cavity

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38

Strongyloides stercoralis (threadworm) diagnosis

Rhabditiform larvae in fecal specimens

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How are Strongyloides stercoralis differentiated from Necator and Ancylostoma?

Buccal cavity of stercoralis is shorter and they have prominent esophageal bulb

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40
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Strongyloides stercoralis egg

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Strongyloides stercoralis rhabtditiform larva

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42

Cutaneous larval migrans

Disease caused by the migration of larvae

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43

Cutaneous larval migrans is usually seen in

The accidental host of a dog or cat hookworm

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44

Trichinella spiralis transmission

Humans eat undercooked contaminated pork, deer, or bear

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Symptoms of Trichinella spiralis

Abd pain, headache, diarrhea, joint pain, periorbital edema

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Trichinella spiralis diagnosis

Extreme peripheral blood eosinophilia, muscle fiber biopsies, serology

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Trichinella spiralis adult

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48

Most common filarial infection

Wuchereria bancrofti

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49

African eye worm

Loa loa

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50

Wuchereria bancrofti transmission

Anopheles mosquito; larvae migrate through lymphatics

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Wuchereria bancrofti symptoms

Headache, fever, obstructive lymphadenopathy, “elephantiasis”

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Wuchereria bancrofti diagnosis

Microfilaria in blood or skin (sheathed microfilaria w no nuclei in the tail)

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Wuchereria bancrofti adult

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54

Loa loa infection

“Calabar swellings” in the eye

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Loa loa diagnosis

Microfilariae in blood (sheathed w nuclei in the tail)

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Loa loa adult

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57

Onchocera volvulus symptoms

Nodules on the scalp

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Onchocera volvulus diagnosis

Skin snips (no sheath, no nuclei in the tail)

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