Praxis 5004

Which colonists were the most willing to work with the Native Americans?

The French Colonists

Which colonists had the worst relations with the Native Americans?

The English and Spanish Colonists

The took land, broke treaties, massacred, and abused the Native Americans.

The English and Spanish Colonists

New England Colonies

Massachusetts

Rhode Island

Connecticut

New Hampshire

This colony:

-Lived in towns

-Limited amount of soil which led to manufacturing, fishing, shipbuilding, and trade

-Government: all adult males met to make laws.

New England Colonies

Middle Atlantic Colonies

New York

New Jersey

Pennsylvania

Delaware

Maryland

This colony:

-Soil was very fertile

-Produced a large surplus of food

-Known as the "breadbasket"

-Government consisted of one house(unicameral)

Middle Atlantic Colonies

Southern Colonies

Virginia

North and South Carolina

Georgia

What 3 major events occurred in 1619?

1. 60 women were sent to Virginia to marry and establish families.

2. 20 Africans arrived

3. The Virginia colonists were granted the right to self government (most important)

This colony:

-Soil was very fertile (more than northern colonies)

-many slaves

-settlers came from diverse backgrounds

-created their own self government

Southern colonies

The Proclamation Act

This act prohibited English settlement beyond the Appalachian Mountains to appease the Native Americans.

The Sugar Act

This act imposed a tax on foreign molasses, sugar, and other goods imported into the colonies.

The Currency Act

This act prohibited colonial governments from issuing paper money.

The Stamp Act

This act placed a tax on newspapers, legal documents, licenses, almanacs, and playing cards. (repealed 3 months later)

The Townshend Acts

This act placed taxes on lead, glass, paint, paper, and tea.

guerilla warfare

fighting from behind trees and other defenses

What was not mentioned in the U.S. constitution?

Political parties

In the 1790's who was secretary of state?

Thomas Jefferson

In the 1790's who was secretary of the treasury?

Alexander Hamilton

What did Jefferson's supporters call themselves?

Democratic-Republicans

What did Hamilton's supporters call themselves?

Federalists

Whigs

Those who favored strong national growth.

Who was the first leader of the democratic party?

Andrew Jackson

What party were the people who opposed slavery?

Whigs and Republican party

What party were the people who were pro-slavery?

Democratic party

What led to westward movement(manifest destiny)?

The Lewis and Clark expedition

How long was the Lewis and Clark expedition?

2 years

When did the U.S. purchase the Louisiana Territory?

In 1803

What did the treaty in 1853 do?

Completed the southwestern boundary of the United States: Texas to the Pacific Ocean just like President Polk wished.

Missouri Compromise

Those who were opposed to slavery used this to prove that the land being considered for territories was banned for slavery.

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Allowed these two territories to decide for themselves if they wanted slaves or not.

Bleeding Kansas

extreme violence and bloodshed occurred due to one territory pro-slavery and the other anti-slavery.

Northern States

California, Oregon, Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky, Missouri, and West Virginia

Southern States (Confederacy)

South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas

The Civil War

-took most American lives than any other war in history.

-South had no voice in the political, social, and cultural affairs of the nation

Major Cordon Defense

a strategy of advancing on all fronts.

first modern war

first using trenches

first breech loading weapons

the civil war

Dawes Act of 1887

intended to break up the Native American communities and bring assimilation into white culture by deeding portions of the land to Native Americans

Division of Labor

workers were assigned to perform specific jobs in the production process.

What happened during the last 40 years of the 19th century?

inventors registered almost 700 thousand new patents

Black Thursday

Oct. 24,1929 and prices plummeted during the great depression

Black Tuesday

Oct. 29, 1929 and 16.4 million shares traded during the great depression

Hoovervilles

Created homes of cardboard, scraps of wood and tents

What were the 3 goals of the New Deal?

to relief, recovery, and reform

Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)

Designed to readjust agricultural production and prices

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

Designed to give wholesome, useful activity in the forestry service for young men.

Civil Works Administration (CWA) & Public Works Administration (PWA)

Designed to give employment in the construction and repair of public buildings, parks, and highways

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Designed to move individuals from relief rolls, to work projects or private employment.

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)

Designed to improve navigability of the Tennessee River

Glass-Steaghall Act

Separated banking and investing

Social Security Act of 1935

Established pensions for the aged and infirm as well as a system of unemployment insurance.

When did the nation fully recover?

When the U.S. entered WWII

Marshall Plan

After WWII aimed at preventing the spread of communism.

Truman Doctrine

offered military aid to countries in danger of communist upheaval.

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

formed in 1949 for the purposes of opposing communist aggression.

Detente

aimed at the easing of tensions between the U.S. and its allies and the Soviet Union and its allies.

Populism

philosophy concerned with the common-sense needs of average people.

Seventeenth Amendment

required that all U.S. senators be chosen by popular election.

Nineteenth Amendment

granted women the right to vote.

What happened in the early 1800's with factories?

modern machines were built and it made it easier to produce goods faster.

What caused the United States to become the leading agricultural nation in the world?

Expansion into the interior of the country.

When was World War I?

1917

When was World War II?

September 1, 1939 to September 2, 1945

What is the function of government?

to secure the common welfare of the members of the given society over which it exercises control.

Anarchism

believes in the elimination of all government and its replacement by a cooperative community of individuals.

dictatorship (oligarchy)

rule by an individual or small group of individuals.

Fascism

one-party state and centralized political control.

monarchy

the rule of nation by a monarch (a non-elected, usually hereditary leader), most often a king or queen.

Legislative Branch

consists of the House of Representatives and Senate

How many people does the House of Representatives have?

It depends on the national population.

How many people does the Senate have?

100 (2 for each state)

How long can the members of the House of Representatives serve?

2 year terms

How long can the members of the Senate serve?

6 years terms

What is the house primarily responsible for?

initiating spending bills

What is the senate primarily responsible for?

ratifying treaties that the president might sign with other countries.

Executive branch

the president and vice president

Judicial Branch

consists of a series of courts with the supreme court being the top.

What is the highest court in land?

The Supreme Court

Declaration of Independence

a call to the colonies to unite against the king and the reasons the colonists were seeking their freedom from Great Britain.

Who wrote the declaration of independence?

Thomas Jefferson in 1776

The U.S. Constitution

the written document that describes and defines the system and structure of the U.S. government.

What is considered to be the law of the land?

The U.S. Constitution

Who conducted the most effective marketing and public relations campaign in human history?

The federalist papers

What is an Amendment?

a change or add to the U.S. Constitution

The Bill of Rights

the first ten amendments of the Constitution.

How many amendments are there?

27

Gettysburg Address

given by President Abraham Lincoln in 1863 at the dedication of the national cemetery in Gettysburg

spatial organization

a description of how things are grouped in a given space.

What are the five themes of geography?

-location

-place

-human-environmental interaction

-movement

-regions

relative location

refers to the surrounding geography (e.g. on the banks of the Mississippi River)

Absolute location

refers to a specific point. (e.g. 123 Main Street)

place

something that has both human and physical characteristics

physical characteristics

include features such as mountains, rivers, and deserts

human characteristics

the features created by human interaction with the environment (such as canals and roads)

human-environmental interaction

has three main concepts: humans adapt to the environment, humans modify the environment, and humans depend on the environment

movement

how humans interact with one another through trade, communications, emigration, and other forms of contact.

regions

an area that has some kind of unifying characteristic, such as a common language or common government.

formal regions

areas defined by actual political boundaries, such as a city, county, or state.

functional regions

defined by a common function, such as the area covered by a telephone service.

vernacular regions

less formally defined areas that are formed by peoples perception (e.g. the middle east, the south)