respiration (111)

Respiration involves what 4 processes?

1. pulmonary ventilation (air in/out lungs)

2. external respiration (exchange O2/CO2 between lung/blood)

3. transport of O2 and CO2 in blood

4. internal respiration (exchange O2/CO2 between systemic blood vessels/tissues)

What organs are part of the upper respiratory tract? (3)

nose and nasal cavity

paranasal sinuses

pharynx

What organs are part of the lower respiratory tract? (4)

larynx

trachea

bronchi and branches

lungs and alveoli

What separates the upper and lower respiratory tract? Name the two organs

pharynx and larynx

The nostril is the ______

entry point

The end of the trachea is called the ________

carina

Differentiate between the L and R lungs (lobe # and name).

R: 3 lobes (superior, middle, inferior)

L: 2 lobes (superior, inferior)

What is the role of the nose? (4 functions)

upper respiratory tract

produce mucus (lined with mucosa)

filters, warms and moisten incoming air

help modulate sound (NOT make)

smell

What is the role of the paranasal sinuses? (2 functions)

lighten skull

filters, warms and moistens incoming air

What is the role of the pharynx? (2 functions)

passageway between nasal cavity to larynx for food and air

houses tonsils (primary defense, exposure immune system to inhaled antigens)

What is the role of the larynx? (3 functions)

air passageway (pharynx → trachea)

prevent food entering lower resp tract

house true vocal cords (voice production)

What is the role of the trachea? (2 functions)

air passageway (larynx → bronchi)

filters, warms and moistens incoming air

What is the role of the bronchial tree? (2 functions)

air passageway (connect trachea and alveoli)

filters, warms and moistens incoming air