Ch. 11

Flashcards covering medical terminology, prefixes, suffixes, diseases, conditions, diagnostic procedures, and general terms related to the Digestive System from the provided lecture notes.

an/o

anus

antr/o

antrum

cec/o

cecum

col/o; colon/o

colon (large intestine)

duoden/o

duodenum

enter/o

intestines (usually the small intestine)

esophag/o

esophagus

gastr/o

stomach

ile/o

ileum

jejun/o

jejunum

or/o

mouth

proct/o; rect/o

rectum

sigmoid/o

sigmoid colon

stomat/o

mouth

abdomin/o; celi/o

abdomen, abdominal cavity

append/o; appendic/o

appendix

cheil/o

lips

cholangi/o

bile duct(s)

chol/e

gall, bile

choledoch/o

common bile duct

cyst/o

bladder, sac

diverticul/o

diverticulum (plural - diverticula)

gingiv/o

gum(s)

gloss/o

tongue

hepat/o

liver

herni/o

hernia (protrusion of an organ through a membrane or cavity wall)

lapar/o

abdomen, abdominal cavity

lith/o

stone(s), calculus

lingu/o

tongue

nas/o

nose

palat/o

palate

pancreat/o

pancreas

peritone/o

peritoneum

pharyng/o

pharynx

polyp/o

polyp, small growth

pylor/o

pylorus, pyloric sphincter

sial/o

saliva, salivary gland

steat/o

fat

uvul/o

uvula

a-

absence of, without

dys-

painful, abnormal, difficult, labored

hemi-

half

-ac; -al; -eal; -ic

pertaining to

-cele

hernia, protrusion

-centesis

surgical puncture to aspirate fluid (with a sterile needle)

-ectomy

excision, surgical removal

-gram

the record, radiographic image

-graphy

process of recording, radiographic image

-iasis

condition

-ia

diseased or abnormal state, condition of

-itis

inflammation

-lith

stone(s), calculus

-logist

one who studies and treats (specialist, physician)

-logy

study of

-megaly

enlargement

-oma

tumor, swelling

-osis

abnormal condition (means increase when used with blood cell word roots)

-pathy

disease

-pepsia

digestion

-plasty

surgical repair

-rrhaphy

suturing, repairing

-rrhea

flow, discharge

-scope

instrument used for visual examination

-scopy

visual examination

-stomy

creation of an artificial opening

-tomy

cut into, incision

-y

noun suffix, no meaning

appendicitis

inflammation of the appendix

cheilitis

inflammation of the lips

cholangioma

tumor of the bile duct

cholecystitis

inflammation of the gallbladder

choledocholithiasis

condition of stones in the common bile duct

cholelithiasis

condition of gallstones

colitis

inflammation of the colon

diverticulitis

inflammation of the diverticulum

diverticulosis

abnormal condition of having diverticula

dysentery

painful intestines (disorder that involves inflammation of the intestine, usually the large intestine, associated with abdominal pain and diarrhea that is often bloody)

enteritis

inflammation of the intestines

enteropathy

disease of the intestines

esophagitis

inflammation of the esophagus

gastritis

inflammation of the stomach

gastroenteritis

inflammation of the stomach and intestines

gingivitis

inflammation of the gums

glossitis

inflammation of the tongue

hepatitis

inflammation of the liver

hepatoma

tumor of the liver

pancreatitis

inflammation of the pancreas

peritonitis

inflammation of the peritoneum

polyposis

abnormal condition of (multiple) polyps (in the mucous membrane of the intestine, especially in the colon)

proctitis

inflammation of the rectum

rectocele

hernia of the rectum

sialolith

stone in the salivary gland

steatohepatitis

inflammation of the liver; associated with (excess) fat

stomatitis

inflammation of the mouth (mucous membrane)

uvulitis

inflammation of the uvula

adhesion

abnormal growing together of two peritoneal surfaces that normally are separated

celiac disease

malabsorption syndrome caused by an immune reaction to gluten, which may damage the lining of the small intestine that is responsible for absorption of food into the bloodstream

cirrhosis

chronic disease of the liver with gradual destruction of cells and formation of scar tissue

Crohn disease

chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract usually affecting the ileum and colon

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

abnormal backward flow of the gastrointestinal contents into the esophagus, causing heartburn and the gradual breakdown of the mucous barrier of the esophagus