Intro to animals
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Last updated 12:29 PM on 3/12/25
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29 Terms
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Multicellularity
All animals are composed of multiple cells.
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Heterotrophs
Organisms that obtain food by consuming other organisms.
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Nervous Tissue
Tissue that enables rapid response to environmental stimuli.
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Movement
Most animals can move, facilitated by muscles and a nervous system.
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Sexual Reproduction
Most animals reproduce sexually, involving the fusion of gametes.
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Extracellular matrix
A structure that binds animal cells together.
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Hox Genes
Genes that determine body axis and segmental organization.
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Blastula
A hollow ball of cells formed during early embryonic development.
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Gastrulation
The process where the blastula develops into a gastrula with three germ layers.
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Coelom
A fluid-filled body cavity that allows for greater organ complexity.
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Acoelomate
An organism lacking a coelom, filled with tissue instead.
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Diploblast
An organism with two germ layers: ectoderm and endoderm.
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Triploblast
An organism with three germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm.
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Protostome
An organism where the blastopore becomes the mouth.
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Deuterostome
An organism where the blastopore becomes the anus.
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Germ Layer
A primary layer of cells that gives rise to specific tissues.
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Radial Symmetry
Symmetry where body parts radiate from a central point.
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Bilateral Symmetry
Symmetry where the body can be divided into right and left halves.
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Cephalization
The development of a head with sensory organs in bilateral animals.
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Parthenogenesis
A form of asexual reproduction where unfertilized eggs develop into individuals.
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Oviparous
Organisms that lay eggs.
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Viviparous
Organisms that give birth to live young.
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Cleavage
The series of mitotic divisions of a zygote after fertilization.
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Cambrian Explosion
A rapid diversification of animal life that occurred approximately 541 million years ago.
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Ecdysozoa
A group of protostomes that shed their exoskeleton.
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Lophotrochozoa
A group of protostomes characterized by a lophophore or trochophore larva.
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Eumetazoa
Animals with specialized tissues.
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Parazoa
Animals lacking true tissues, such as sponges.
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Nerve net
A diffuse network of neurons seen in radially symmetrical animals.
Note 
Flashcards (22)