Vascular Plants

What are seedless vascular plants?

Ferns and Fern Allies

What’s another name for Vascular plants?

Tracheophyta

Vascular plants have __.

Vascular tissue (Xylem and Phloem)

Vascular plants also have true __ (Leaves, Stems, Roots, or All)?

Vascular plants also have true leaves, stems, and roots.

Vascular plants are all _ dominated.

Sprophyte Dominated

Seedless vascular plants, however, have a small, free-living __ (Gametophyte or Sporophyte).

Gametophyte

Typical ferns have clusters of sporangia under their leaves called:

Sori

Other seedless vascular plants have spore-producing cones called:

Strobili

What’s a spore-bearing leaf called?

Sporophyll

Ferns are also known as: (phyla/division)

Monipophyta

Ferns 4 divisions:

• Horsetail-

• Moonworts, Adder’s tongues, & whisk ferns

• “Giant” ferns (Eusporangiate)

• “Typical” ferns (Leptosporangiate)

Horsetail - Equistephyta

Moonworts, Adder’s tongues, & Whisk ferns - Psilotophyta

“Giant” ferns - Polypodiophyta

“Typical” ferns - Polypodiophyta

What subclass is this describing:

• Single genus'

• Homosporus

• Eusporangiate

• Microphylls & Strubili

Horsetail (Equistephyta)

What subclass is this describing:

• Two families in this division

• Mycoheterotrophic gametophytes

• Spores produced in leaf axis OR infused synangia

Moonworts, adder’s tongues, & whisk ferns (Psilotophyta)

What two groups (not divisions) are there today:

• Group 1: Sporangia develop from a single cell, usually as a sours— “typical” ferns and water ferns

• Group 2: Sporangia develops from multiple cells, usually as a strobilus — this includes the “giant” ferns, as well as whisk-ferns, fork-ferns, adder’s tongue, and horsetail—likely a paraphyletic group

Group 1: Leptosporangiate Ferns

Group 2: Eusporangiate Ferns

Water ferns are (Heterosporous or Homosporous), while most others are (Heterosporous or Homosporous).

Water ferns are heterosporous, while most others are homosporous.

A gametophyte of a fern is called a:

Prothallus

Club and Spike mosses are classified as:

Lycopodiophyta

Most Lycopodiophyta are (Heterosporous or Homosporous), while spike mosses are (Heterosporous or Homosporous).

Most Lycopodiophyta are homosporous, while spike mosses are heterosporous.

Tiny, Singled-veined leaves called:

Microphylls

Spores that are produced at the base of leaves are called:

Strobli

What are the three famalies in Lycopodiophyta:

• Quilworts-

• Spikemosses-

• Club mosses-

Isoctaceae - Quilwort

Selaginellaceae - Spikemosses

Lycopodiaceae - Club mosses

The gametophyte of a clubmoss is non-photosynthetic, and survive via funal association which is also called:

Mycoheterotrophic

Gametophytes of spikemosses and quillworts are non-photosynthetic and act as __ for the spores.

They act as “seeds” for the spores (only in spikemosses and quillworts).

What family is this describing:

• Mycoleterotrophic

• Club-shaped strobili

• Microphylls on “branches”

Club moss

What family is this describing:

• Heterosporous

• Aquatic

• Strobili are difficult to distinguish from the rest of the plant

• Microphyll long and attached directly to “base”

Quillwort

What family is this describing:

• Lycopodiaceae

• Spike-shaped strobili

• Microphyll on “branches”

Spikemoss

What is this describing:

• Extinct seedless vascular plant group, precursor to seed plants

• Paraphyletic

• Woody trees that distibutedspores instead of seeds — EX: Archaeoteris

• Many of these are heterosporous — all seed plants are hetersporous

Progymnosperms