Down Syndrome and Prenatal Screening

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to Down Syndrome, prenatal screening, and related legal and ethical considerations.

Down Syndrome

A genetic condition caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21, a process called non-disjunction.

Non-disjunction

The process that causes Down syndrome, resulting from an extra copy of chromosome 21.

Prenatal Screening

Involves blood tests, ultrasound, and Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) to assess the risk of Down syndrome.

NIPT (Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing)

A highly accurate screening method (99% accurate) for detecting Down syndrome prenatally.

Amniocentesis

A diagnostic test used for prenatal diagnosis of Down syndrome.

Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)

A diagnostic test used for prenatal diagnosis of Down syndrome.

Postnatal Diagnosis of Down Syndrome

Diagnosis based on physical characteristics and chromosomal analysis after birth.

Individuals with Down Syndrome Act

A bill introduced on January 23, 2023, that creates federal crimes related to abortion on an unborn child who has Down syndrome.

IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act)

Protects the rights of students with disabilities to a Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) in the Least Restrictive Environment (LRE).

FAPE (Free and Appropriate Public Education)

The right of students with disabilities to receive a free and appropriate public education.

LRE (Least Restrictive Environment)

The educational setting that, to the maximum extent appropriate, allows students with disabilities to be educated with non-disabled peers.

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973

Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in federally funded programs, ensuring equal access and reasonable accommodations.

ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act)

Requires employers to provide reasonable accommodations for employees with disabilities.